■COVID-19后遗症是COVID-19的长期症状。心血管疾病不仅是COVID-19后遗症发生的危险因素,也是COVID-19感染直接或间接导致的潜在结果。
■本研究旨在调查山东中医药大学附属医院心内科门诊患者和住院患者新型冠状病毒感染康复后的心血管系统相关症状,分析影响因素,和相关症状的症状特征,从而为进一步制定合理的诊疗方案提供依据。
■自2023年1月15日至2023年2月15日,山东中医药大学附属医院心血管内科收治的新型冠状病毒感染康复患者452例因心血管系统症状(主诉胸痛和心悸)纳入本研究。使用统一的问卷记录一般信息,既往病史,胸痛或心悸的特征,以及选定患者的其他COVID-19相关后遗症。所有数据采用SPSS26.0统计软件进行统计学分析。
■本研究共纳入226例有心血管症状的患者和226例无心血管症状的患者。经过单因素和多因素logistic回归分析,女性(OR2.081,95%CI=1.358-3.189)和年轻人(OR2.557,95%CI=1.44-4.54)发生心血管症状、高血压前期(OR1.905,95%CI=1.091-3.329)和高血压(OR2.287,95%CI=1.433-3.649)的风险增加;既往有心血管疾病病史的患者(1.8OR62,95%CI=2.138)发生心血管症状的风险增加,452例患者报告的与COVID-19后遗症相关的主要症状为疲劳(76.8%),呼吸急促(54.2%),口干口苦(46.0%),胃肠道症状(42.7%),睡眠障碍(37.4%),出汗(31.9%),寒战(29%),头晕(25.7%),脑雾混乱(25.2%),和耳鸣(14.6%)。与没有心血管症状的患者相比,有心血管症状的患者更容易出现呼吸急促(OR3.521,95%CI=2.226-5.472),胃肠道症状(OR2.039,95%CI=1.226-3.393),口干口苦(OR1.918,95%CI=1.229-2.992)。差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
■在这种新的冠状病毒感染中,女人,年轻人,老年人,患有高血压前期的人,高血压,有心血管疾病和糖尿病病史的患者发生心血管症状的风险更高,有心血管症状的患者更容易出现其他COVID-19后遗症。
UNASSIGNED: COVID-19 sequelae are long-term symptoms of COVID-19. Cardiovascular disease is not only a risk factor for the occurrence of COVID-19 sequelae but also a potential result directly or indirectly caused by COVID-19 infection.
UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study is to investigate the cardiovascular system-related symptoms of outpatients and inpatients of the Cardiovascular Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine after recovery from novel coronavirus infection, analyze the influencing factors, and symptom characteristics of related symptoms, and thereby provide a basis for further formulating a reasonable diagnosis and treatment plan.
UNASSIGNED: From January 15, 2023 to February 15, 2023, 452 recovered patients with novel coronavirus infection who were admitted to the Cardiovascular Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine due to symptoms of the cardiovascular system (complaints of chest pain and palpitations) were involved in this study. A unified questionnaire was used to record the general information, past medical history, characteristics of chest pain or palpitations, and other COVID-19-related sequelae of the selected patients. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 26.0 statistical software.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 226 patients with cardiovascular symptoms and 226 patients without cardiovascular symptoms were included in this study. After univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, women (OR 2.081, 95% CI = 1.358-3.189) and young people (OR 2.557, 95% CI = 1.44-4.54) had a higher risk of cardiovascular symptoms; prehypertension (OR 1.905, 95% CI = 1.091-3.329) and hypertension (OR 2.287, 95% CI = 1.433-3.649) increased the risk of cardiovascular symptoms; patients with history of previous cardiovascular disease (OR 1.862, 95% CI = 1.16-2.988) and history of diabetes (OR 2.138, 95% CI = 1.058-4.319) had a higher risk of developing cardiovascular symptoms. The main symptoms related to COVID-19 sequelae reported by all 452 patients were fatigue (76.8%), shortness of breath (54.2%), dry mouth and bitter mouth (46.0%), gastrointestinal symptoms (42.7%), sleep disturbances (37.4%), sweating (31.9%), chills (29%), dizziness (25.7%), confusion of brain fog (25.2%), and tinnitus (14.6%). Compared with patients without cardiovascular symptoms, patients with cardiovascular symptoms were more likely to have shortness of breath (OR 3.521, 95% CI = 2.226-5.472), gastrointestinal symptoms (OR 2.039, 95% CI = 1.226-3.393), and dry mouth and bitter mouth (OR 1.918, 95% CI = 1.229-2.992). The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
UNASSIGNED: In this new coronavirus infection, women, young people, the elderly, people with prehypertension, hypertension, and patients with a history of cardiovascular disease and diabetes have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular symptoms, and patients with cardiovascular symptoms are more likely to develop other COVID-19 sequelae.