背景:报纸是中国公众了解护士和护理专业的主要渠道。然而,在中国,很少有护理研究来调查报纸对护士的描述,公众如何看待护士在中国语境中的角色仍然是一个模棱两可的现象。本研究旨在阐明中国护士的公众形象,并分析全国性报纸上与护士相关的新闻内容是否随时间变化。
方法:对每份报纸成立以来发表的引用护士的报纸文章进行内容分析。
方法:我们选择了两份全国性日报作为来源,系统地搜索了1949年至2022年有关护士的文章。开发了一种编码工具来定量提取所识别文章的内容。然后,使用混合方法方法,我们分析了报纸的内容,以显示媒体向公众展示的护士的角色。
结果:共分析了317篇文章。在两份报纸上,护士都被描绘成不同的图像,有正面的措辞和多达28种公共图像。超过一半的文章描绘了两个,三,或更多类型的图像。在确定的护士图像中,“过度劳累”出现最频繁,其次是“敬业”,“\”慈善和仁慈,“和”带着责任感,\"然后\"技术熟练。“通过分析随着时间的推移,两份报纸上的护士形象,我们发现与美德相关的图像随着时间的推移而大大增加,而关于专业的图像减少了。
结论:护理继续被描述为良性护理职业,经常忘记对知识的广泛需求,技能,和职业所需的专业知识。全国性报纸上所描绘的护士的公众形象与他们的实际角色并不准确。
结论:全国性报纸上所描绘的护士的公众形象与他们的实际角色并不准确。实现护士的职业角色,提高护士的社会地位,需要有意识的图像管理。护理学校,护理协会,护理专业人员应更积极地克服他们所描绘的刻板印象,并利用新闻媒体作为工具,引起公众对护理价值的关注和与公众对话,以重塑公众对专家角色的理解。专业护士在医疗保健中的作用,并为护理创造新的更专业的形象。
Newspapers are a predominant channel through which the Chinese public learns about nurses and the nursing profession. However, little nursing research has been performed in China to investigate the newspaper portrayal of nurses, and how the public perceives the role of nurses in the Chinese context is still an ambiguous phenomenon. This study aimed to clarify the public portrayals of nurses in China, and to analyze whether there are changes over time in news content related to nurses in the national
newspapers.
A content analysis of the newspaper articles citing nurses that have been published since each newspaper was established.
We selected two national daily
newspapers as sources to systematically search for articles about nurses from 1949 to 2022. A coding instrument was developed to quantitatively extract the contents of the articles identified. Then, using a mixed methods approach, we analyzed newspaper content to show the roles of nurses presented to the public by the media.
A total of 317 articles were analyzed. Nurses have been depicted with heterogeneous images in both
newspapers with positive wordings and up to 28 types of public images. More than half of the articles portrayed two, three, or more types of images. Among the images of nurses identified, \"overworked\" appeared the most frequently, followed by \"dedicated,\" \"philanthropic and benevolent,\" and \"with a sense of responsibility,\" and then \"technically skilled.\" By analyzing the image of nurses in both newspapers over time, we found that images related to virtue have largely increased with time, while images about professionalism have decreased.
Nursing continues to be depicted as a virtuous caregiving profession, often forgetting the wide need for knowledge, skill, and expertise required in the occupation. The public image of nurses portrayed in the national
newspapers does not accurately match their actual roles.
The public image of nurses portrayed in the national
newspapers does not accurately match their actual roles. To actualize a professional role and increase social status of nurses, intentional image management is needed. Nursing schools, nursing associations, and nursing professionals should be more proactive in overcoming the stereotypical image portrayed of them and use the news media as a tool to invite attention from and dialogue with the public about the value of nursing to reframe the public\'s understanding of the expert role of the professional nurse in health care and to create a new and more professional image for nursing.