在过去的十年中,随着下一代治疗性抗体的出现,癌症治疗领域取得了显着发展。化疗等常规治疗带来了巨大挑战,包括不良副作用。单克隆抗体为更有针对性和有效的干预措施铺平了道路。从嵌合抗体到人源化和完全人抗体的进化已经导致免疫原性的降低和增强的体内耐受性。下一代抗体的出现,包括双特异性抗体,纳米抗体,抗体-药物缀合物,糖工程抗体,和抗体片段,代表了癌症治疗的飞跃.这些创新提供了更高的效力,适应性,并降低耐药性。目标验证等挑战,免疫原性,和高生产成本存在。然而,抗体工程技术的技术进步为解决这些问题提供了乐观。未来预示着范式的转变,正在进行的研究将这些强大的抗体推向最前沿,彻底改变抗击癌症的斗争,创造新的预防和治疗方法。这篇综述概述了三种下一代基于抗体的分子,即双特异性抗体,抗体-药物缀合物,和纳米抗体在癌症治疗中显示出有希望的结果。它讨论了抗体从常规形式到下一代分子的进化,以及它们在癌症治疗中的应用,生产方法,和相关的挑战。该综述旨在为研究人员提供有关下一代基于抗体的癌症疗法的不断发展的前景及其彻底改变治疗策略的潜力的见解。
The field of cancer treatment has evolved significantly over the last decade with the emergence of next-generation therapeutic antibodies. Conventional treatments like chemotherapy pose significant challenges, including adverse side effects. Monoclonal antibodies have paved the way for more targeted and effective interventions. The evolution from chimeric to humanized and fully human antibodies has led to a reduction in immunogenicity and enhanced tolerance in vivo. The advent of next-generation antibodies, including bispecific antibodies,
nanobodies, antibody-drug conjugates, glyco-engineered antibodies, and antibody fragments, represents a leap forward in cancer therapy. These innovations offer increased potency, adaptability, and reduced drug resistance. Challenges such as target validation, immunogenicity, and high production costs exist. However, technological advancements in antibody engineering techniques provide optimism for addressing these issues. The future promises a paradigm shift, where ongoing research will propel these powerful antibodies to the forefront, revolutionizing the fight against cancer and creating new preventive and curative treatments. This review provides an overview of three next-generation antibody-based molecules, namely bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and
nanobodies that have shown promising results in cancer treatment. It discusses the evolution of antibodies from conventional forms to next-generation molecules, along with their applications in cancer treatment, production methods, and associated challenges. The review aims to offer researchers insights into the evolving landscape of next-generation antibody-based cancer therapeutics and their potential to revolutionize treatment strategies.