目的:能够识别情绪的表达对于有效的临床沟通研究至关重要。然而,传统的语言编码系统通常不能表示非词汇或语音表达的情绪(即,不是通过语言本身,而是通过声音音调,速度/节奏/节奏,和体积)。
方法:在自然医院环境中使用姑息治疗咨询的录音,两位经验丰富的音乐学者采用了西方乐谱,以及数字音频程序的图形实现(钢琴卷可视化),在视觉上代表患者情绪激动的“窒息”时刻的对话声音特征。
结果:西方乐谱显示了音高和速度变化与患者情绪相对应的方式:强度急剧上升,然后逐渐消失。钢琴卷可视化是一个有用的补充。
结论:使用音乐符号来说明医院环境中的姑息治疗对话可以使研究人员在其他情况下将其视为直觉或主观的情感表达的几个方面可见。各种形式和格式的音乐符号技术和声音可视化技术应被视为临床通信研究中传统编码工具的富有成果和补充替代品。
结论:音乐符号为研究人员和学习者提供了机会,让他们“看到”交流在临床接触中的演变,特别是在人际交流的词汇和语音特征相互一致和不一致的地方。
OBJECTIVE: Being able to identify expressions of emotion is crucial to effective clinical communication research. However, traditional linguistic coding systems often cannot represent emotions that are expressed nonlexically or phonologically (i.e., not through words themselves but through vocal pitch, speed/rhythm/tempo, and volume).
METHODS: Using audio recording of a palliative care consultation in the natural hospital setting, two experienced music scholars employed Western musical notation, as well as the graphic realization of a digital audio program (Piano roll visualization), to visually represent the sonic features of conversation where a patient has an emotional \"choke\" moment.
RESULTS: Western musical notation showed the ways that changes in pitch and rate correspond to the patient\'s emotion: rising sharply in intensity before slowly fading away. Piano roll visualization is a helpful supplement.
CONCLUSIONS: Using musical notation to illustrate palliative care conversations in the hospital setting can render visible for analysis several aspects of emotional expression that researchers otherwise experience as intuitive or subjective. Various forms and formats of musical notation techniques and sonic visualization technologies should be considered as fruitful and complementary alternatives to traditional coding tools in clinical communications research.
CONCLUSIONS: Musical notation offers opportunity for both researchers and learners to \"see\" how communication evolves in clinical encounters, particularly where the lexical and phonological features of interpersonal communication are concordant and discordant with one another.