■先前的研究已经探索了参与真实或虚拟自然景观以及在有氧运动期间听音乐对短期影响的影响,然而,虚拟现实(VR)和音乐节奏的不同组合在改善短期情感方面的具体差异需要进一步研究。这项研究的目的是调查VR和音乐的各种组合对短期情绪的影响,从而为今后大众健身研究提供参考。这项研究招募了132名有效参与者(平均年龄24.0±0.9岁),性别分布为68名男性和64名女性。参与者被随机分为四组:视觉音乐(V-M),音乐视觉(M-V),仅可视(V),只有音乐(M)。运动模式为15分钟的有氧动力循环,中间为2分钟的低强度动力循环间隔。练习后,参与者被要求坐着,然后进行VR干预或音乐干预15分钟.收集的指标包括血压,积极/消极影响,和心率变异性指标(RMSSD,SDNN,LF/HF)。数据分析包括描述性统计,重复测量方差分析,和多因素方差分析。基于效应大小(p2)并结合显著性p值分析不同VR和音乐联合运动干预对短期情感改善的影响。组内结果显示DBP,积极和消极的影响,SDNN,V-M组RMSSD指标差异有统计学意义(p<0.05),而SBP,积极的影响,负面影响,SDNN,RMSSD,M-V组的LF/HF指标差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。M组只有SDNN和RMSSD指标有显著性差异(p<0.05),而V组仅SBP和RMSSD指标差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。组间结果显示,只有SDNN和LH/HF组具有显著性差异(p<0.05),其他指标在一定程度上有改善或积极提升的趋势,但差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。强度一致的有氧运动和联合的视觉-听觉干预(M-V和V-M)显着改善了血压,和生理反应的短期影响(LF/HF,SDNN,RMSSD),连同主观影响措施,与其他群体相比。这些发现表明,将VR和音乐与运动结合起来可以有效地增强短期影响,建议通过音乐和视觉暴露于自然环境来进行有氧运动和放松的综合方法。
Prior research has explored the effects of engaging with real or virtual natural landscapes and listening to
music during aerobic exercise on short-term affect, however, the specific differences in the improvement of short-term affect by different combinations of Virtual Reality (VR) and
music rhythm require further investigation. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of various combinations of VR and
music on short-term mood, thereby providing a reference for future research on public fitness. This study recruited 132 valid participants (mean age 24.0 ± 0.9 years), with a gender distribution of 68 males and 64 females. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups: Visual-
Music (V-M),
Music-Visual (M-V), Visual-only (V), and
Music-only (M). The exercise mode was 15 min of aerobic power cycling with 2 min of low-intensity power cycling intervals in the middle. After the exercise, the participants were asked to sit and then performed either a VR intervention or a music intervention for 15 min. The collected indicators included blood pressure, positive/negative affect, and heart rate variability indicators (RMSSD, SDNN, LF/HF). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, repeated measures ANOVA, and multifactor ANOVA. The effect of different VR and Music combined with exercise interventions on the improvement of short-term affect was analyzed based on the effect size (ɳp2) and combined with the significance p-value. Intra-group results showed that DBP, positive and negative affect, SDNN, RMSSD indicators in V-M group were significant differences (p < 0.05), while SBP, positive affect, negative affect, SDNN, RMSSD, LF/HF indicators in M-V group were significant differences (p < 0.05). Only SDNN and RMSSD indicators in M group had significant differences (p < 0.05), and only SBP and RMSSD indicators in V group had significant differences (p < 0.05). The results between groups showed that only SDNN and LH/HF groups had a significant difference (p < 0.05), other indicators had a trend of improvement or positive promotion to a certain extent, but the statistical difference was not significant (p > 0.05). Aerobic exercise with consistent intensity and the combined visual-auditory interventions (M-V and V-M) significantly improved blood pressure, and the short-term affect of physiological responses (LF/HF, SDNN, RMSSD), along with subjective affect measures, compared to other groups. These findings suggest that incorporating VR and music with exercise can effectively enhance short-term affect, recommending an integrated approach to aerobic exercise and relaxation through music and visual exposure to natural environments.