背景:在COVID-19大流行限制期间,数字体力活动(PA)计划的使用与较高的PA指南依从性相关。然而,纵向上对锻炼地点知之甚少(家庭环境内外),数字程序使用,以及它们与大流行期间中度至剧烈的PA(MVPA)和肌肉增强活动(MSA)的关联。
目的:本研究的目的是评估COVID-19大流行期间运动地点与数字程序使用与PA指南依从性之间的关系,描述个人如何在他们的家庭环境内外锻炼,并探讨哪些社会人口统计学和背景因素与运动地点和数字PA程序的使用有关。
方法:参加了COVID-19大流行(HEBECO)研究(FU1,2020年6月至7月)和至少一项后续调查(FU2,8月至9月;FU3,2020年11月至12月)期间健康行为的1个月随访调查的活跃英国成年人(N=1938)报告了他们在家内外的运动地点和运动类型,包括数字计划(在线/基于应用程序的健身课程/计划),MVPA,MSA。使用广义线性混合模型来评估运动位置和数字PA程序使用与PA指南依从性的关联(MVPA,MSA,完全[合并]坚持),以及运动位置和数字程序使用的预测因子。
结果:随着大流行的进展,与最初的分娩期相比,活跃的英国成年人不太可能在室内锻炼或使用数字PA程序:61%(95%CI58%-63%;加权n=1024),50%(95%CI48%-53%;加权n=786),49%(95%CI46%-51%;加权n=723)分别在FU1、FU2和FU3家中进行任何运动。在FU1、FU2和FU3,22%(95%CI21%-25%;加权n=385),17%(95%CI15%-19%;加权n=265),16%(95%CI14%-18%;加权n=241)使用数字PA程序,分别。大多数在室内锻炼的参与者已经拥有室内设备,使用数字PA程序,或者有自己的锻炼习惯,而MVPA和轻柔步行是最常见的户外锻炼类型。作为女性,非白色,有条件限制PA,室内锻炼空间,较低的BMI,与仅在室外锻炼相比,完全与世隔绝的生活与在家中或花园内锻炼的几率增加有关。数字PA程序用户更有可能更年轻,女性,受过高等教育,有室内空间锻炼,BMI较低。内部锻炼与MSA呈正相关,而外部锻炼与MVPA指南依从性呈正相关,内部(仅与外部)和外部(仅与内部)活动均有助于完整的PA指南依从性(分别为比值比[OR]5.05,95%CI3.17-8.03和OR1.89,95%CI1.10-3.23).数字PA程序使用与MSA(OR3.97-8.71)和完整PA(OR2.24-3.95)的较高几率相关,但不符合MVPA指南。
结论:在COVID-19大流行期间,完整的PA指南依从性与在家环境内外锻炼以及使用数字PA计划相关。需要更多的研究来了解这个范围,长期坚持,以及数字PA解决方案之间的差异。
BACKGROUND: Digital physical activity (PA) program use has been associated with higher PA guideline adherence during COVID-19 pandemic confinements. However, little is known longitudinally about exercise locations (inside vs outside the home environment), digital program use, and their associations with moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and muscle-strengthening activities (MSAs) during the pandemic.
OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to assess the relationship between exercise location and use of digital programs with PA guideline adherence during the COVID-19 pandemic, describe how individuals exercised inside and outside of their home environments, and explore which sociodemographic and contextual factors were associated with exercise locations and digital PA program use.
METHODS: Active UK adults (N=1938) who participated in the 1-month follow-up survey of the Health Behaviours During the COVID-19 Pandemic (HEBECO) study (FU1, June-July 2020) and at least one more follow-up survey (FU2, August-September; FU3, November-December 2020) reported exercise locations and types of exercises inside and outside their homes, including digital programs (online/app-based fitness classes/programs), MVPA, and MSA. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess associations of exercise location and digital PA program use with PA guideline adherence (MVPA, MSA, full [combined] adherence), and predictors of exercise location and digital program use.
RESULTS: As the pandemic progressed, active UK adults were less likely to exercise inside or to use digital PA programs compared with periods of initial confinement: 61% (95% CI 58%-63%; weighted n=1024), 50% (95% CI 48%-53%; weighted n=786), and 49% (95% CI 46%-51%; weighted n=723) performed any exercise inside their homes at FU1, FU2, and FU3, respectively. At FU1, FU2, and FU3, 22% (95% CI 21%-25%; weighted n=385), 17% (95% CI 15%-19%; weighted n=265), and 16% (95% CI 14%-18%; weighted n=241) used digital PA programs, respectively. Most participants who exercised inside already owned indoor equipment, used digital PA programs, or had their own workout routines, whereas MVPA and gentle walking were the most common exercise types performed outside the home. Being female, nonwhite, having a condition limiting PA, indoor exercising space, a lower BMI, and living in total isolation were associated with increased odds of exercising inside the home or garden compared with outside exercise only. Digital PA program users were more likely to be younger, female, highly educated, have indoor space to exercise, and a lower BMI. While exercising inside was positively associated with MSA and exercising outside was positively associated with MVPA guideline adherence, both inside (vs outside only) and outside (vs inside only) activities contributed to full PA guideline adherence (odds ratio [OR] 5.05, 95% CI 3.17-8.03 and OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.10-3.23, respectively). Digital PA program use was associated with a higher odds of MSA (OR 3.97-8.71) and full PA (OR 2.24-3.95), but not with MVPA guideline adherence.
CONCLUSIONS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, full PA guideline adherence was associated with exercising inside and outside of one\'s home environment and using digital PA programs. More research is needed to understand the reach, long-term adherence, and differences between digital PA solutions.