■功能性踝关节不稳定(FAI)是一种普遍的疾病,可在踝关节外侧扭伤管理不当后出现。它的特点是慢性关节不稳定和随后的物理性能恶化。通过注意力集中来调节运动模式是运动学习和性能优化领域中一个公认的概念。然而,注意力集中可以恢复或改善FAI个体运动模式的确切方式仍有待充分阐明。
■这项研究的主要目的是评估注意力集中策略对FAI患者单腿降落运动生物力学的影响。
■招募了18名单侧FAI男性。使用红外三维运动捕获系统和测力板收集运动学和动力学数据。参与者在没有焦点的情况下执行单腿降落任务(基线),内部焦点(IF),和外部聚焦(EF)条件。生物力学特性,包括关节角度,地面反作用力,和腿部刚度,被评估。2×3[侧面(不稳定和稳定)×焦点(基线,如果,和EF)]重复测量方差分析(RM-ANOVA)分析了FAI患者注意焦点对生物力学变量的影响。
■在这项研究中没有观察到显著的交互效应。在峰值垂直地面反作用力(vGRF)时,注意焦点对膝关节屈曲角度有显著影响,与IF相比,EF下的角度明显更大(p<0.001)。此外,在峰值vGRF时,与IF相比,EF组踝关节跖屈角度明显较小(p<0.001)。聚焦对峰值vGRF和达到峰值vGRF的时间有显著的主要影响,与EF相比,在基线和IF条件下观察到更高的峰值vGRF值(p<0.001)。参与者在IF下更快地达到峰值vGRF(p<0.001)。与EF相比,IF下的腿部刚度(kleg)明显更高(p=0.001)。
■如果在FAI中增强关节稳定性,而EF促进了保守的着陆策略,增加了膝关节屈曲,分散冲击和最小化接头应力。将这些策略整合到FAI康复计划中可以优化下肢生物力学并降低再损伤的风险。
UNASSIGNED: Functional Ankle Instability (FAI) is a pervasive condition that can emerge following inadequate management of lateral ankle sprains. It is hallmarked by chronic joint instability and a subsequent deterioration in physical performance. The modulation of motor patterns through attentional focus is a well-established concept in the realm of motor learning and performance optimization. However, the precise manner in which attentional focus can rehabilitate or refine movement patterns in individuals with FAI remains to be fully elucidated.
UNASSIGNED: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of attentional focus strategies on the biomechanics of single-leg drop landing movements among individuals with FAI.
UNASSIGNED: Eighteen males with unilateral FAI were recruited. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected using an infrared three-dimensional motion capture system and force plates. Participants performed single-leg drop landing tasks under no focus (baseline), internal focus (IF), and external focus (EF) conditions. Biomechanical characteristics, including joint angles, ground reaction forces, and leg stiffness, were assessed. A 2 × 3 [side (unstable and stable) × focus (baseline, IF, and EF)] Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (RM-ANOVA) analyzed the effects of attentional focus on biomechanical variables in individuals with FAI.
UNASSIGNED: No significant interaction effects were observed in this study. At peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF), the knee flexion angle was significantly influenced by attentional focus, with a markedly greater angle under EF compared to IF (p < 0.001). Additionally, at peak vGRF, the ankle joint plantarflexion angle was significantly smaller with EF than with IF (p < 0.001). Significant main effects of focus were found for peak vGRF and the time to reach peak vGRF, with higher peak vGRF values observed under baseline and IF conditions compared to EF (p < 0.001). Participants reached peak vGRF more quickly under IF (p < 0.001). Leg Stiffness (kleg) was significantly higher under IF compared to EF (p = 0.001).
UNASSIGNED: IF enhances joint stability in FAI, whereas EF promotes a conservative landing strategy with increased knee flexion, dispersing impact and minimizing joint stress. Integrating these strategies into FAI rehabilitation programs can optimize lower limb biomechanics and reduce the risk of reinjury.