背景:人们对肠道和大脑之间存在的双向关系以及低聚果糖和2'岩藻糖基乳糖改变微生物组成和情绪状态的作用越来越感兴趣。然而,关于低聚果糖和2'岩藻糖基乳糖通过有针对性地操纵肠道微生物群改善情绪状态的能力仍然未知。
目的:我们旨在比较低聚果糖和2'岩藻糖基乳糖单独和联合使用对麦芽糊精(比较物)对工作人群中微生物组成和情绪状态的影响。
方法:我们进行了为期5周的实验,四臂,平行,双盲,随机化,在92名轻度至中度焦虑和抑郁健康成年人中进行安慰剂对照试验。受试者随机接受低聚果糖8g/天(加2g/天麦芽糖糊精);麦芽糖糊精10g/天;低聚果糖8g/天加2'岩藻糖基乳糖(2g/天)或2'岩藻糖基乳糖2g/天(8g/天麦芽糖糊精)。微生物负荷(FISH-FLOW)和组成(16srRNA测序)的变化是主要结果。次要结果包括胃肠道感觉,排便习惯和情绪状态参数。
结果:包括双歧杆菌在内的几种细菌类群显着增加,拟杆菌,在低聚果糖和低聚果糖/2岩藻糖基乳糖干预措施中,罗斯布里亚和普氏粪杆菌(均P≤0.05)。补充2个融合乳糖后,细菌分类群的变化是高度异质的。贝克抑郁量表的显著改善,在低聚果糖中检测到状态特质焦虑量表Y1和Y2,以及积极和消极的影响计划得分和皮质醇觉醒反应,和2个岩藻糖基乳糖和低聚果糖/2个岩藻糖基乳糖联合干预措施(均P≤0.05)。在改善几种情绪状态参数方面,单一的低聚果糖和低聚果糖/2'褐藻糖基乳糖组合干预均优于单一的2'岩藻糖基乳糖和麦芽糖糊精(所有P≤0.05)。
结论:这项研究的结果表明,低聚果糖和低聚果糖/2'岩藻糖基乳糖的组合,可以有益地改变微生物组成以及改善情绪状态参数。需要进一步的工作来了解关键的微生物差异,以分离个体对2'岩藻糖基乳糖补充的反应。
背景:ClinicalTrials.gov(https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05212545):NCT05212545。
There is increasing interest in the bidirectional relationship existing between the gut and brain and the effects of both oligofructose and 2\'fucosyllactose to alter microbial composition and mood state. Yet, much remains unknown about the ability of oligofructose and 2\'fucosyllactose to improve mood state via targeted manipulation of the gut microbiota.
We aimed to compare the effects of oligofructose and 2\'fucosyllactose alone and in combination against maltodextrin (comparator) on microbial composition and mood state in a working population.
We conducted a 5-wk, 4-arm, parallel, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 92 healthy adults with mild-to-moderate levels of anxiety and depression. Subjects were randomized to oligofructose 8 g/d (plus 2 g/d maltodextrin); maltodextrin 10 g/d; oligofructose 8 g/d plus 2\'fucosyllactose (2 g/d) or 2\'fucosyllactose 2 g/d (plus 8 g/d maltodextrin). Changes in microbial load (fluorescence in situ hybridization-flow cytometry) and composition (16S ribosomal RNA sequencing) were the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included gastrointestinal sensations, bowel habits, and mood state parameters.
There were significant increases in several bacterial taxa including Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Roseburia, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in both the oligofructose and oligofructose/2\'fucosyllactose interventions (all P ≤ 0.05). Changes in bacterial taxa were highly heterogenous upon 2\'fuscoyllactose supplementation. Significant improvements in Beck Depression Inventory, State Trait Anxiety Inventory Y1 and Y2, and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule scores and cortisol awakening response were detected across oligofructose, 2\'fucosyllactose, and oligofructose/2\'fucosyllactose combination interventions (all P ≤ 0.05). Both sole oligofructose and oligofructose/2\'fuscosyllactose combination interventions outperformed both sole 2\'fucosyllactose and maltodextrin in improvements in several mood state parameters (all P ≤ 0.05).
The results of this study indicate that oligofructose and combination of oligofructose/2\'fucosyllactose can beneficially alter microbial composition along with improving mood state parameters. Future work is needed to understand key microbial differences separating individual responses to 2\'fucosyllactose supplementation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05212545.