大气氮(N)沉积是全球N循环的重要组成部分。地球表面过量的氮沉积对生态系统和人类都有不利影响。大气氮沉积的定量对于评估和解决氮沉积引起的环境问题是必不可少的。在本次审查中,我们首先总结了目前用于量化N沉积的方法(湿法,干,和总氮沉积),它们的优势和主要局限性。其次,我们说明了世界各地的长期N沉积监测网络以及通过这种长期监测获得的结果。结果表明,中国面临的氮沉积比美国重,欧洲国家,和其他东亚国家。接下来,我们提出了使用地面监测的组合方法估算大气湿氮和干氮沉积的框架,建模,和卫星遥感。最后,我们提出了大气氮沉积的关键研究挑战和未来方向。胶囊:对氮沉积的量化方法和全球数据进行了综述,并提出了量化氮沉积的系统框架。
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is a vital component of the global N cycle. Excessive N deposition on the Earth\'s surface has adverse impacts on ecosystems and humans. Quantification of atmospheric N deposition is indispensable for assessing and addressing N deposition-induced environmental issues. In the present review, we firstly summarized the current methods applied to quantify N deposition (wet, dry, and total N deposition), their advantages and major limitations. Secondly, we illustrated the long-term N deposition monitoring networks worldwide and the results attained via such long-term monitoring. Results show that China faces heavier N deposition than the United States, European countries, and other countries in East Asia. Next, we proposed a framework for estimating the atmospheric wet and dry N deposition using a combined method of surface monitoring, modeling, and satellite remote sensing. Finally, we put forth the critical research challenges and future directions of the atmospheric N deposition. CAPSULE: A review of quantification methods and the global data on nitrogen deposition and a systematic framework was proposed for quantifying nitrogen deposition.