先进的药物递送系统对于提高治疗效果至关重要。在最近开发的各种配方中,由治疗剂组成的自组装水凝胶由于其优异的生物相容性而显示出局部药物递送的有希望的潜力。药物装载效率高,低全身毒性,和持续的药物释放行为。特别是,具有明确定义的纳米结构的治疗剂自组装水凝胶有利于通过注射直接递送到目标部位,不仅提高了药物的可获得性,而且延长它们的保留时间和促进细胞摄取。简而言之,自组装方法提供了更好的机会,以提高药物治疗的精度,并实现卓越的治疗效果。在这次审查中,我们打算涵盖治疗剂自组装水凝胶的最新进展。首先,分子结构,自组装机制,系统概述了自组装水凝胶的应用。然后,我们总结了各种自组装策略,包括单一治疗剂,金属配位,酶指令,和多种治疗剂的共同组装。最后,讨论了潜在的挑战和未来的前景。我们希望这篇综述将为治疗剂自组装水凝胶的设计和制备提供有用的见解。
Advanced drug delivery systems are of vital importance to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Among various recently developed formulations, self-assembling hydrogels composed of therapeutic agents have shown promising potential for local drug delivery owing to their excellent biocompatibility, high drug-loading efficiency, low systemic toxicity, and sustained drug release behavior. In particular, therapeutic agents self-assembling hydrogels with well-defined nanostructures are beneficial for direct delivery to the target site via injection, not only improving drug availability, but also extending their retention time and promoting cellular uptake. In brief, the self-assembly approach offers better opportunities to improve the precision of pharmaceutical treatment and achieve superior treatment efficacies. In this review, we intend to cover the recent developments in therapeutic agent self-assembling hydrogels. First, the molecular structures, self-assembly mechanisms, and application of self-assembling hydrogels are systematically outlined. Then, we summarize the various self-assembly strategies, including the single therapeutic agent, metal-coordination, enzyme-instruction, and co-assembly of multiple therapeutic agents. Finally, the potential challenges and future perspectives are discussed. We hope that this review will provide useful insights into the design and preparation of therapeutic agent self-assembling hydrogels.