体积吸收微采样(VAMS)已成为临床和生物分析领域中收集和存储血液样品的简单安全的工具。本研究提出了一种测定必需和非必需微量元素(As,Be,Cd,Cs,Cu,Fe,Mg,P,Pb,S,Sb,Se,Tl,V,U)在VAMS收集的血液样品中,使用稀释酸的微波辅助消化作为样品制备方法,并以电感耦合等离子体三重四极杆质谱(ICP-QQQ)作为测定技术。虽然某些元素由于VAMS提示背景问题而提出了挑战(Al,Ti,Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,Sn,Mo,Ba),该方法对目标分析物具有很高的精度和准确性。结果表明,4.5molL-1HNO3加上100µLH2O230%(w/w)适用于通过ICP-QQQ使用微观分析(花费少于300µL分析溶液)进行进一步元素测定的消解效率,考虑到消化程序后的残余碳含量(RCC)低于5%。高于定量限(LOQ)的所有结果与所有分析物的参考值一致。通过参考材料分析和使用加标样品的回收率测试来评估准确性。此外,对于所有>LOQ的分析物,在该方法(VAMS-M)和比较方法(液体取样方法)之间获得了合适的一致性(p>0.05)。此外,所有>LOQ的结果均显示出良好的精度,符合精度要求(Horwitz方程)。这样,使用稀酸,低稀释因子(30倍),和出色的消化效率(>95%),所提出的方法能够达到很好的检测限,精度,和15个元素的准确性:As,Be,Cd,Cs,Cu,Fe,Mg,P,Pb,S,Sb,Se,Tl,V,和U使用ICP-MS/MS,无需矩阵匹配的校准曲线。这项研究展示了使用VAMS对血液样本的创新分析方法,提供生物安全,实用性,灵敏度,多功能性,和鲁棒性。该方法有助于促进微量元素分析在生物医学研究和临床应用中的发展。
Volumetric absorptive micro-sampling (VAMS) has emerged as a simple and safe tool for collecting and storing blood samples in clinical and bioanalytical fields. This study presents a novel method for determining essential and non-essential trace elements (As, Be, Cd, Cs, Cu, Fe, Mg, P, Pb, S, Sb, Se, Tl, V, U) in VAMS-collected blood samples using microwave-assisted digestion with diluted acid as sample preparation method and an inductively coupled plasma triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QQQ) as determination technique. While certain elements posed challenges due to VAMS tip background issues (Al, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Sn, Mo, Ba), the method demonstrated high precision and accuracy for the targeted analytes. It was demonstrated that 4.5 mol L-1 HNO3 plus 100 µL H2O2 30% (w/w) was suitable for an efficiency of digestion for further elemental determination using micro-analysis (spending less than 300 µL analytical solution) by ICP-QQQ, given that the residual carbon content (RCC) after the digestion procedure was lower than 5%. All the results higher than limit of quantification (LOQ) were in agreement with reference values for all analytes. Accuracy was assessed through reference material analysis and recovery tests using spiked samples. Moreover, suitable agreements (p > 0.05) between this method (VAMS-M) and the comparative method (liquid sampling method) were obtained for all analytes >LOQ. Furthermore, all results >LOQ showed good precision according to precision requirements (Horwitz equation). In this way, with the use of dilute acid, low dilution factor (30-fold), and excellent digestion efficiency (>95%), the proposed method was able to achieve an excellent detection limit, precision, and accuracy for 15 elements: As, Be, Cd, Cs, Cu, Fe, Mg, P, Pb, S, Sb, Se, Tl, V, and U using ICP-MS/MS, without the need for matrix-matched calibration curves. This research showcases an innovative analytical approach using VAMS for blood samples, offering biosafety, practicality, sensitivity, versatility, and robustness. This method contributes to the advancement of trace element analysis in biomedical research and clinical applications.