背景:新出现的证据指出了绿色空间暴露在促进心血管健康方面的有益作用。大多数研究已经评估了这种与常规心血管终点的关联,例如死亡率。发病率,或大血管标记。相比之下,微脉管系统,血管系统的关键隔室,在那里出现心血管疾病的早期亚临床症状,尚未与绿色空间暴露相关的研究。目前的研究评估了周围的绿色和微血管状态之间的关联,通过视网膜血管直径评估。
方法:这项研究包括居住在三个欧洲城市的健康成年人(n=114和18-65岁)的样本[安特卫普(比利时),巴塞罗那(西班牙),和伦敦(英国)]。Theexposurestogreenspaceatthehomeandwork/schoollocationswerecharacterizedasaveragearoundgreenness[normalizeddifference植被指数(NDVI)]withinbuffersof100m,300米,和500m。从三个不同时间点拍摄的眼底照片计算中央视网膜小动脉当量(CRAE)和中央视网膜小静脉当量(CRVE)。我们开发了线性混合效应模型来估计绿地暴露与视网膜微脉管系统指标的关联,针对相关个体和区域级协变量进行调整。
结果:我们观察到与CRVE的最紧密关联。工作/学校较高的绿色空间与较小的视网膜小静脉有关[(季节性NDVI)300m:3.85,95CI-6.67,-1.03;500m:5.11,95CI-8.04,-2.18]。对周围绿色和CRAE的发现尚无定论。
结论:我们的研究表明,绿地暴露与更好的微血管状态有关,专门针对视网膜小静脉.需要未来的研究来确认我们在不同背景下的发现。
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence points to the beneficial role of greenspace exposure in promoting cardiovascular health. Most studies have evaluated such associations with conventional cardiovascular endpoints such as mortality, morbidity, or macrovascular markers. In comparison, the
microvasculature, a crucial compartment of the vascular system where early subclinical signs of cardiovascular problems appear, has not been studied in association with greenspace exposure. The current study assessed the association between surrounding greenness and microvascular status, as assessed by retinal vessel diameters.
METHODS: This study included a sample of healthy adults (n = 114 and 18-65 years old) residing in three European cities [Antwerp (Belgium), Barcelona (Spain), and London (UK)]. The exposures to greenspace at the home and work/school locations were characterized as average surrounding greenness [normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)] within buffers of 100 m, 300 m, and 500 m. The central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) were calculated from fundus pictures taken at three different time points. We developed linear mixed-effect models to estimate the association of greenspace exposure with indicators of retinal
microvasculature, adjusted for relevant individual and area-level covariates.
RESULTS: We observed the most robust associations with CRVE. Higher levels of greenspace at work/school were associated with smaller retinal venules [(seasonal NDVI) 300m: 3.85, 95%CI -6.67,-1.03; 500m: 5.11, 95%CI -8.04, -2.18]. Findings for surrounding greenness and CRAE were not conclusive.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests an association of greenspace exposure with better microvascular status, specifically for retinal venules. Future research is needed to confirm our findings across different contextual settings.