生活方式的快速改变和日益繁忙的生活节奏导致慢性病的增多,比如肥胖,炎症性肠病,肝病,和癌症,对公众健康构成重大威胁。为了应对这些挑战,精确营养(PN)已成为一种安全有效的干预措施,旨在实现人类健康和福祉。生物活性化合物(生物活性物质),包括类胡萝卜素,多酚,维生素,和多不饱和脂肪酸,表现出一系列有益的特性,例如,抗氧化和抗炎作用。这些特性使它们成为预防或治疗慢性疾病和促进人类健康的有希望的候选物。然而,当掺入食物基质和口服给药时,生物活性物质可能有不同的挑战,包括低水溶性,理化稳定性差,和低吸收效率。这限制了他们在体内实现健康益处。已经开发并利用许多策略来包封和递送生物活性物质。胶束递送系统,由于其独特的核-壳结构,在提高稳定性方面发挥着关键作用,溶解度,和这些生物活性物质的生物利用度。此外,通过创新的设计策略,可以定制胶束递送系统以提供靶向和控制释放,从而最大限度地发挥生物活性物质在PN应用中的潜力。本章详细介绍了胶束的制备方法和性能,并重点介绍了调节聚合物胶束性能的策略。之后,聚合物胶束在生物活性物质和相应的PN传递中的应用,包括控释,器官靶向能力,并对慢性病的营养干预进行了总结。
Rapid changes in lifestyle and the increasingly hectic pace of life have led to a rise in chronic diseases, such as obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, liver disease, and cancer, posing significant threats to public health. In response to these challenges, precision nutrition (PN) has emerged as a secure and effective intervention aiming at human health and well-being. Bioactive compounds (bioactives), including carotenoids, polyphenols, vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, exhibit a range of beneficial properties, e.g., antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. These properties make them promising candidates for preventing or treating chronic diseases and promoting human health. However, bioactives might have different challenges when incorporated into food matrices and oral administration, including low water solubility, poor physiochemical stability, and low absorption efficiency. This limits them to achieve the health benefits in the body. Numerous strategies have been developed and utilized to encapsulate and deliver bioactives. Micellar delivery systems, due to their unique core-shell structure, play a pivotal role in improving the stability, solubility, and bioavailability of these bioactives. Moreover, through innovative design strategies, micellar delivery systems can be tailored to offer targeted and controlled release, thus maximizing the potential of bioactives in PN applications. This chapter reveals details about the preparation methods and properties of
micelles and highlights the strategies to modulate the properties of polymeric
micelles. Afterwards, the application of polymeric
micelles in the delivery of bioactives and the corresponding PN, including controlled release, organ-targeting ability, and nutritional intervention for chronic disease are summarized.