加拿大太平洋沿岸拥有丰富的海洋动物和不断增长的人口,污染释放的潜力越来越大,但是,目前海洋野生动物热点与正在进行的生物监测工作之间几乎没有重叠,例如多环芳烃化合物(PAC)和痕量金属(金属)。我们通过分析双壳Mytilussp的软组织中的化学残留物,于2018年调查了不列颠哥伦比亚省沿海海洋鸟类繁殖地的PAC和金属。从七个地点的站点(n=3)收集的贻贝。在温哥华港的第二狭窄殖民地,总PAC(∑43PAC)和高分子量(HMW)PAC的浓度最高,萨利什海内高度城市化和工业化的港口。对于保护区,两个萨利什海和三个太平洋沿岸殖民地,PAC普遍较低。然而,∑43PAC,∑HMWPAC,以及三角岛偏远地区的几个HMW同源物,海洋国家野生动物区,与第二狭窄没有显著差异。所有地点的主要PAC来源都可能是热原性的,而不是岩性的,正如PAC配置文件所建议的那样,父PAC的比例,和来源指标同源物。对于金属,八种优先金属中的七种发现了场地差异,但主成分分析表明,地点差异,例如近海地点的高汞和镉,可能与环境和生物变量有关,包括盐度,条件指数,水温,和外壳长度。我们在广泛的沿海地区进行的调查表明,贻贝的PAC和金属生物监测计划应包括野生动植物热点,在这些热点地区,受保护的脊椎动物物种暴露于具有低生物累积潜力的污染物将不那么明显,并显示关键协变量的数据收集(例如,脂质含量,盐度)对于跟踪长期趋势和检测污染释放事件至关重要。
The Pacific coast of Canada has a rich marine fauna and a growing human population with increasing potential for pollution releases, but there is currently little overlap between marine wildlife hotspots and ongoing biomonitoring efforts for less bioaccumulative contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) and trace metals (metals). We surveyed PACs and metals at marine bird breeding colonies in coastal British Columbia in 2018 by analyzing chemical residues in the soft tissue of bivalve Mytilus sp. mussels collected from stations (n = 3) at seven sites. The concentration of sum PACs (∑43PAC) and high molecular weight (HMW) PACs were highest at the Second Narrows colony in Vancouver Harbour, a highly urbanized and industrialized port within the Salish Sea. For conservation areas, two Salish Sea and three Pacific Ocean coast colonies, PACs were generally lower. However, ∑43PAC, ∑HMWPAC, and several HMW congeners at the remote site of Triangle Island, a Marine National Wildlife Area, were not significantly different from Second Narrows. The dominant PAC sources at all sites are likely pyrogenic rather than petrogenic, as suggested by PAC profiles, proportion of parent PACs, and source-indicator congeners. For metals, site differences were found for seven out of eight priority metals, but principal component analysis indicated that site differences, such as high mercury and cadmium at offshore sites, are likely related to environmental and biological variables including salinity, condition index, water temperature, and shell length. Our survey across a broad coastal region shows that PAC and metal biomonitoring programs with mussels should include wildlife hotspots where the exposure of protected vertebrate species to pollutants with low bioaccumulation potential would be less obvious, and shows that collection of data on key covariates (e.g. lipid content, salinity) will be critical to tracking long-term trends and detecting pollution release events.