在中国典型的亚热带海水养殖区,使用被动采样器对微塑料(MPs)的金属吸附能力进行了现场测定。对八种金属(Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,As,Pb,Cr和Cd)由五种类型的MP(低密度聚乙烯,聚丙烯,聚苯乙烯,比较了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚氯乙烯(PVC),包括金属类型,海水养殖类型(网箱和延绳钓养殖),周围环境中的金属残留物含量,聚合物类型和颗粒大小的MP。结果表明,Zn,As,Cd,与质量标准相比,海水养殖环境中的Pb和Cr受到污染。吸附在五种MPs上的这六种金属的浓度随海水中的浓度线性增加。与延绳钓养殖相比,海洋网箱养殖中的MPs中Cu和As含量更高,由于人工饮食的明显内源性污染排放,鱼药和消毒剂。具有更多裂纹和孔的老化PVC显示出比任何其他聚合物更高的金属吸附能力。具有50-74μm的较小尺寸范围的MPs倾向于比具有74-178μm的较大尺寸范围的MPs积累更多的金属。由国会议员的表面特征组成。海水中养分浓度与Cu的吸附量呈显著正相关,Zn和As在MP上意味着富营养化会促进其污染。在生态风险评价的基础上,MP的发生可能会加剧金属对集约化海水养殖区海洋生物的潜在风险。这是首次揭示在现实环境条件下,金属对老化的MPs的吸附对金属对生物体潜在生态风险的影响。
Field determination of the metal adsorption capacity of microplastics (MPs) by using a passive sampler had been done in typical subtropical
mariculture area in China. The adsorption of eight metals (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Cr and Cd) by five types of MPs (low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was compared, including metal types,
mariculture types (cage and longline culture), metal residue content in ambient environment, polymer types and particle sizes of MPs. The results showed that Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb and Cr in the
mariculture environment were contaminated compared with the quality criteria. The concentrations of these six metals adsorbed on five MPs increased linearly with those in seawater. More enriched Cu and As in MPs in marine cage culture than in longline culture, due to the obvious endogenous pollution emissions for the artificial diets, fish medicine and disinfectants. Aged PVC with more cracks and pores showed higher metal adsorption capacity than any other polymers. MPs with a smaller size range of 50-74 μm tended to accumulate higher amounts of metals than those with a larger size range of 74-178 μm, consisting with the surface characteristics of MPs. The significant positive relationship between the concentrations of nutrients in seawater and the adsorption amounts of Cu, Zn and As on MPs implies that the eutrophication would promote their pollution. Based on the ecological risk assessment, the occurrence of MPs could aggravate the potential risk of metals to marine organisms in intensive
mariculture areas. This is the first time to reveal the impacts of the adsorption of metals on aged MPs on the potential ecological risks of metals to organisms under the realistic environmental condition.