目前,溃疡性性传播感染,包括梅毒,单纯疱疹病毒(HSV),性病淋巴肉芽肿(LGV),软下体,Donovanosis和,最近,猴痘(MPOX),对医疗保健专业人员来说是一个日益增长的挑战。近年来,西班牙梅毒和LGV的发病率有所增加。此外,HSV,梅毒和软下体也会增加HIV感染和传播的风险。最容易受到这些感染的人群是年轻人,男男性行为者(MSM)和商业性工作者。及时进行鉴别诊断很重要,因为生殖器,肛门,肛周,和口腔溃疡性病变可能与其他感染性和非感染性疾病如念珠菌外阴阴道炎的鉴别诊断,创伤性病变,癌,口疮性溃疡,Behçet病,固定药疹,或牛皮癣。出于这个原因,皮肤科医生在性传播感染的诊断和管理中起着至关重要的作用。本章介绍了主要的流行病学,与这些感染相关的临床和治疗特征。
Currently, ulcerative sexually transmitted infections, including syphilis, herpes simplex virus (HSV), lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), chancroid, donovanosis and, more recently, monkeypox (MPOX), represent a growing challenge for health care professionals. The incidence of syphilis and LGV has increased in recent years in Spain. Additionally, HSV, syphilis and chancroid can also increase the risk of HIV acquisition and transmission. The population groups most vulnerable to these infections are young people, men who have sex with men (MSM) and commercial sex workers. It is important to make a timely differential diagnosis since genital, anal, perianal, and oral ulcerative lesions may pose differential diagnosis with other infectious and non-infectious conditions such as candidiasis vulvovaginitis, traumatic lesions, carcinoma, aphthous ulcers, Behçet\'s disease, fixed drug eruption, or psoriasis. For this reason, the dermatologist plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of sexually transmitted infections. This chapter presents the main epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features associated with these infections.