背景:蓝绿色蚜虫(Acyrthosiphonkondoi)是一种世界性的苜蓿害虫,脉冲,和其他豆类作物。长期过度依赖杀虫剂来控制A.kondoi有可能使种群处于有利于抗性表型的选择压力下,但迄今为止,没有记录在案的杀虫剂抗药性病例。最近,澳大利亚种植者开始报告常规杀虫剂未能充分控制A.kondoi种群,促使这项基于实验室的调查研究这些种群是否已经进化出抗药性。
结果:我们发现了四个对三种不同杀虫剂组具有中等抗性(10-40倍)的A.kondoi种群:有机磷酸酯,氨基甲酸酯和拟除虫菊酯。然而,A.kondoi种群对丁烯酸内酯没有抗性,flupyradifrone.我们无法使用增效剂测定法鉴定一般的代谢机制(P450,GSTs,或酯酶),表明需要进一步详细的分子研究来表征假定的抗性机制。
结论:抗杀虫剂A.kondoi对澳大利亚农业提出了新的挑战。种植者需要新的工具和更新的策略,包括获取新的化学物质,以减轻他们对目前针对A.kondoi注册的少数杀虫剂的依赖。抗杀虫剂A.kondoi对未来管理的影响,潜在的抵抗机制,并讨论了未来的研究重点。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
BACKGROUND: The bluegreen aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi) is a worldwide pest of alfalfa, pulses, and other legume crops. An overreliance on insecticides to control A. kondoi has potentially placed populations under selection pressure favouring resistant phenotypes, but to date, there have been no documented cases of insecticide resistance. Recently, Australian growers began reporting that conventional insecticides were failing to adequately control A. kondoi populations, prompting this laboratory-based investigation into whether these populations have evolved resistance.
RESULTS: We discovered four A. kondoi populations with moderate resistance (10-40-fold) to three different insecticide groups: organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids. However, A. kondoi populations showed no resistance to the butenolide, flupyradifurone. We were unable to identify general metabolic mechanisms using synergist assays (cytochromes P450, glutathione S-transferases, or esterases), indicating that further detailed molecular investigations to characterise the putative resistance mechanism are needed.
CONCLUSIONS: Insecticide-resistant A. kondoi present an emerging challenge to Australian agriculture. Growers require new tools and updated strategies, including access to newer chemistries, to alleviate their reliance on the few insecticides currently registered against A. kondoi. The implications of insecticide resistant A. kondoi for future management, the potential mechanisms of resistance, and future research priorities are discussed. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.