背景:具有快速起效和持续活性的犬杀螨剂可以降低病原体传播风险并增强宠物主人的体验。这个随机的,完整的砌块设计,研究者掩盖的研究比较了三个月使用含有异恶唑啉的产品提供的Amblyommaamericanum的杀死速度。
方法:每组治疗8只随机小猎犬(第0天),每个标签,与sarolaner(与莫西丁和pyrantel结合使用,SimparicaTrio™),afoxolaner(NexGard™),或lotilaner(Credelio™),或未经处理。在第-7天,-2天,21天和28天进行了50个成年美洲A的侵染,并在第-5天进行了蜱计数(用于阻断),以及治疗和随后的感染后4、8、12、24、48和72小时。功效计算基于几何平均活蜱计数。使用线性混合模型进行组间比较。
结果:在第0天,只有lotilaner显着减少了美洲A的侵染12小时(43.3%;P=0.002)。治疗后24hlotilaner和afoxolaner的疗效分别为95.3%和97.6%,分别,两者均与sarolaner(74%)显着不同(分别为P=0.002,P<0.001)。在第21天,在感染后12小时,lotilaner疗效(59.6%)与sarolaner(0.0%)(P<0.001)和afoxolaner(6.3%)(P<0.001)显着不同。在24小时,lotilaner疗效(97.4%)与sarolaner和afoxolaner(13.6%和14.9%)显着差异(P<0.001),分别)。在第28天,感染后12小时,lotilaner疗效(47.8%)与sarolaner(17.1%)(P=0.020)和afoxolaner(9.0%)(P=0.006)显着不同。在24小时,lotilaner疗效(92.3%)与sarolaner4.9%(P<0.001)和afoxolaner(0.0%)(P<0.001)显着不同。sarolaner和afoxolaner的杀死速度,但不是Lotilaner,在研究期间显着下降。在第28天再次感染后,到48小时,sarolaner和afoxolaner均未达到90%的疗效。到72小时,sarolaner疗效为97.4%,afoxolaner疗效为86.3%。只有lotilaner在治疗后24小时和感染后24小时在第21天和第28天达到≥90%的疗效。与sarolaner或afoxolaner相比,lotilaner在新感染后的疗效≥90%的时间始终提前24-48小时。
结论:与SimparicaTrio(sarolaner-moxidectin-pyrantel)和NexGard(afoxolaner)相比,Credelio(lotilaner)对美洲曲霉的杀螨活性起效更快。在整个给药期间,只有lotilaner杀死蜱的速度是持续的。
BACKGROUND: Canine acaricides with rapid onset and sustained activity can reduce pathogen transmission risk and enhance pet owner experience. This randomized, complete block design, investigator-masked study compared the speed of kill of Amblyomma americanum provided by three monthly-use isoxazoline-containing products.
METHODS: Eight randomized beagles per group were treated (day 0), per label, with sarolaner (combined with moxidectin and pyrantel, Simparica Trio™), afoxolaner (NexGard™), or lotilaner (Credelio™), or remained untreated. Infestations with 50 adult A. americanum were conducted on days - 7, - 2, 21, and 28, and tick counts were performed on day - 5 (for blocking), and at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h following treatment and subsequent infestations. Efficacy calculations were based on geometric mean live tick counts. A linear mixed model was used for between-group comparisons.
RESULTS: On day 0, only
lotilaner significantly reduced an A. americanum infestation by 12 h (43.3%; P = 0.002). Efficacy of lotilaner and afoxolaner at 24 h post-treatment was 95.3% and 97.6%, respectively, both significantly different from sarolaner (74%) (P = 0.002, P < 0.001, respectively). On day 21, at 12 h postinfestation, lotilaner efficacy (59.6%) was significantly different from sarolaner (0.0%) (P < 0.001) and afoxolaner (6.3%) (P < 0.001). At 24 h, lotilaner efficacy (97.4%) was significantly different (P < 0.001) from sarolaner and afoxolaner (13.6% and 14.9%, respectively). On day 28, at 12 h postinfestation, lotilaner efficacy (47.8%) was significantly different from sarolaner (17.1%) (P = 0.020) and afoxolaner (9.0%) (P = 0.006). At 24 h, lotilaner efficacy (92.3%) was significantly different from sarolaner 4.9% (P < 0.001) and afoxolaner (0.0%) (P < 0.001). Speed of kill for sarolaner and afoxolaner, but not
lotilaner, significantly declined over the study period. Following reinfestation on day 28, neither sarolaner nor afoxolaner reached 90% efficacy by 48 h. By 72 h, sarolaner efficacy was 97.4% and afoxolaner efficacy was 86.3%. Only
lotilaner achieved ≥ 90% efficacy by 24 h post-treatment and 24 h postinfestation on days 21 and 28. Time to ≥ 90% efficacy following new infestations consistently occurred 24-48 h earlier for
lotilaner compared with sarolaner or afoxolaner.
CONCLUSIONS: Credelio (lotilaner) has a more rapid onset of acaricidal activity against A. americanum than Simparica Trio (sarolaner-moxidectin-pyrantel) and NexGard (afoxolaner). Only
lotilaner\'s speed of tick kill is sustained throughout the dosing period.