目标:本文调查了在复杂和不可预测的情况下围绕问题解决和团队动态的现有文献,并评估研究地球施工团队以确定月球施工人员培训需求的适用性。
背景:月球和其他太空探索建造人员将在极端环境中工作,并面临不可预测的挑战,需要实时解决问题以解决意外情况。这项工作将需要与任务控制和自主助理进行协调,所以船员培训必须考虑多主体,分布式团队合作。
方法:叙述性文献综述确定了过程,属性,以及月球施工团队成功所需的技能。我们总结了相关框架,并将集体发现综合为总体趋势和剩余的研究空白。
结果:虽然围绕团队绩效存在大量文献,很少有系统的调查,重点是月球施工人员和行动,特别是在动态解决问题和基于团队的决策方面。缺乏评估团队绩效的既定和标准化指标,导致研究之间报告的结果存在显著差异。
结论:月球和其他太空探索建设团队将需要培训,重点是开发正确的团队解决问题的方法,而不是为已知的突发事件准备响应执行。对成功的地球施工人员进行调查可能有助于制定相关指标,以培训未来的月球施工人员。
结论:为未来的月球建设团队制定的指标和团队培训协议可能具有适应性,适用于面临不确定挑战的各种极端团队,比如机组人员,手术团队,第一反应者,和施工人员。
OBJECTIVE: This paper surveys the existing literature surrounding problem-solving and team dynamics in complex and unpredictable scenarios, and evaluates the applicability of studying Earth-based construction teams to identify training needs for Lunar construction crews.
BACKGROUND: Lunar and other space exploration construction crews will work in extreme environments and face unpredictable challenges, necessitating real-time problem-solving to address unexpected contingencies. This work will require coordination with Mission Control and autonomous assistants, so crew training must account for multi-agent, distributed teamwork.
METHODS: A narrative literature review identified processes, attributes, and skills necessary for the success of Lunar construction teams. We summarized relevant frameworks and synthesized collective findings into over-arching trends and remaining research gaps.
RESULTS: While significant literature exists surrounding team performance, very little systematic inquiry has been done with a focus on Lunar construction crews and operations, particularly with respect to dynamic problem-solving and team-based decision-making. Established and standardized metrics for evaluating team performance are lacking, resulting in significant variation in reported outcomes between studies.
CONCLUSIONS: Lunar and other space exploration construction teams will need training that focuses on developing the right approach to team-based problem-solving, rather than on preparing response execution for known contingencies. An investigation of successful Earth-based construction crews may facilitate the development of relevant metrics for training future Lunar construction crews.
CONCLUSIONS: Metrics and team training protocols developed for future Lunar construction teams may be adaptable and applicable to a wide range of extreme teams facing uncertain challenges, such as aircrews, surgical teams, first responders, and construction crews.