背景:生活方式行为危险因素与心血管疾病的增加有关。最近的数据显示,加纳的动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)负担增加。这项研究旨在描述加纳人ASCVD的行为和营养风险因素,以及这些风险因素如何因种族而异,人口和居住。
方法:我们使用来自加纳心脏研究的数据,一项基于社区的横断面研究,采用多阶段抽样技术,从4个地区的8个社区招募参与者.有关各种生活方式行为(LB)的信息,包括吸烟,酒精摄入量,缺乏身体活动,水果和蔬菜的摄入量,是通过问卷调查获得的。使用IBMSPSS统计25分析数据。使用单变量和多变量分析来测试人口统计学特征与各种LB之间的关联。
结果:参与者的中位(四分位数)年龄为46.0(27.0)岁。在1,106名参与者中(58%为女性,80.4%的城市居民),8.6%报告使用烟草,48.9%酒精,83.7%身体不活跃,81.4%和84.9%水果和蔬菜摄入不足,分别。年龄,性别,种族,宗教与烟草使用有关,而年龄,性别,教育水平,婚姻状况,种族,就业状况,居住地区与缺乏体力活动有关。同样,种族,就业状况,和居住地与水果和蔬菜摄入不足有关。农村居民更有可能身体不活跃,吃水果和蔬菜不足。几乎92%的人患有两个或更多LB的组合。ASCVD的两个或两个以上LB的主要预测因素是教育水平,婚姻状况,种族,和就业状况。
结论:ASCVD的生活方式危险因素在加纳非常普遍,随着年龄的增长,性别,民族,和地区差异。这些危险的生活方式行为往往同时发生,在调整公共卫生教育时必须考虑。
背景:该研究在http://www注册。chictr.org.cn为ChiCTR1800017374。
Lifestyle behavioural risk factors have been linked to increased cardiovascular disease. Recent data have shown increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) burden in Ghana. This study aimed to describe the behavioural and nutritional risk factors for ASCVD among Ghanaians, and how these risk factors vary by ethnicity, demography and residence.
We used data from the Ghana Heart Study, a community-based cross-sectional study that recruited participants from eight communities from four regions using a multi-stage sampling technique. Information about various lifestyle behaviours (LBs), including cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, physical inactivity, and fruit and vegetable intake, was obtained using a questionnaire. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS statistics 25. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to test associations between demographic characteristics and various LBs.
The participants\' median (interquartile) age was 46.0 (27.0) years. Of the 1,106 participants (58% females, 80.4% urban dwellers), 8.6% reported using tobacco, 48.9% alcohol, 83.7% physically inactive, 81.4% and 84.9% inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, respectively. Age, sex, ethnicity, and religion were associated with tobacco use, whereas age, sex, educational level, marital status, ethnicity, employment status, and region of residence were associated with physical inactivity. Similarly, ethnicity, employment status, and residence region were associated with inadequate fruit and vegetable intake. Rural dwellers were more likely to be physically inactive and consume inadequate fruits and vegetables. Almost 92% had a combination of two or more LBs. The main predictors of two or more LBs for ASCVD were educational level, marital status, ethnicity, and employment status.
Lifestyle risk factors for ASCVD were highly prevalent in Ghana, with significant age, sex, ethnic, and regional differences. These risky lifestyle behaviors tend to occur together and must be considered in tailoring public health education.
The study was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn as ChiCTR1800017374.