目的:对坐位患者的压疮发生率研究不足。已经开发了预防装置,并且通常规定,但是几乎没有定量证据证明它们的有效性。本研究探讨了侧向压力装置的概念,对坐着的臀部两侧施加压力的预防装置,以减少组织变形和血管闭塞的量。据推测,该装置将通过降低骨-肌肉界面的压力来减少深部组织损伤,正如先前研究中计算证明的那样。这项研究旨在使用血氧饱和度来研究该装置在维持组织的经皮气体张力尽可能接近基线方面的功效。
方法:将血氧测定电极连接到参与者的坐骨结节和大转子上,以承受不同的侧向压力。侧向压力的量是由参与者的身体下压力引起的压力的给定百分比。
结果:结果表明,50%的侧向压力足以改善参与者坐骨结节处的气体张力,不会对大转子处的组织产生负面影响,相对于不施加侧向压力的坐姿控制。
结论:尽管进行了初步的原型设备设计,每个参与者都放置了自己的血氧传感器,结果支持应用侧向压力作为维持经皮气体张力的方法。应在更大的样本上开展进一步的工作,以巩固这些发现。
OBJECTIVE: Pressure-ulcer occurrence in the seated patient is understudied. Preventative devices have been developed and are prescribed commonly, but there is little quantitative evidence of their effectiveness. This study explores the concept of a lateral pressure device, a prevention device that applies pressure to the sides of the seated buttocks, to reduce the amount of tissue distortion and blood-vessel occlusion. It is hypothesized that this device will reduce deep tissue injury by reducing the pressure at the bone-muscle interface, as demonstrated computationally in previous research. This study aimed to use oximetry to investigate the efficacy of the device in maintaining transcutaneous gas tensions of the tissue as close to baseline as possible.
METHODS: Oximetry electrodes were attached to participants\' ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter for different amounts of lateral pressure. The amount of lateral pressure is a given percentage of the pressure due to the participants\' underbody pressure.
RESULTS: The results show that 50 % lateral pressure is sufficient to produce an improvement in participants\' gas tensions at their ischial tuberosity, without negatively impacting the tissue at their greater trochanter, relative to the control of sitting with no application of lateral pressure.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite a rudimentary prototype device design, and that participants each placed their own oximetry sensors, results support the application of lateral pressure as a method to maintain transcutaneous gas tensions. Further work should be carried out on a larger sample to consolidate these findings.