目的:分析儿童重度喉软化症的临床特点及相关危险因素。方法:在本研究中,儿童(0-18岁)的临床资料,包括性别,介绍时的年龄,早产,低出生体重,交货方式,送料模式,胎儿分娩,医疗合并症,母亲在介绍时的胎龄,怀孕期间补充钙,对2013年1月至2023年1月诊断为喉软化症的患者进行回顾性分析.将儿童分为轻度-中度和重度组。比较分析2组的几个危险因素。有统计学意义的危险因素纳入logistic回归分析。结果:本研究共纳入224例重度喉软化症患儿。男女比例为1.55:1。所有患者均有严重的喉软化,表现为吸气性喉喘鸣。患者出现症状时的平均年龄为2.7(1.5-5.2)个月。两组患者在就诊时的年龄差异有统计学意义,早产,低出生体重,医疗合并症,孕期补钙(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示早产[优势比(OR)=3.177,95%置信区间(CI):2.329-4.334],低出生体重(OR=3.188,95%CI:2.325-4.370),合并疾病(OR=1.434,95%CI:1.076~1.909)是重度喉软化的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:患有严重喉软化症的儿童在早期表现出持续性喘鸣。过早交货,低出生体重,和医学合并症是儿童严重喉软化症的潜在危险因素。
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and the risk factors associated with severe
laryngomalacia in children. Methods: In this study, the clinical data of children (0-18 years), including gender, age at presentation, preterm delivery, low birth weight, delivery mode, feeding mode, fetal delivery, medical comorbidities, maternal gestational age at presentation, and calcium supplementation during pregnancy, diagnosed with
laryngomalacia between January 2013 and January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The children were divided into mild-moderate and severe groups. Several risk factors were compared and analyzed between the 2 groups. The statistically significant risk factors were included in the logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 224 children with severe
laryngomalacia were enrolled in this study. The ratio of male to female patients was 1.55:1. All patients had severe
laryngomalacia manifested by inspiratory laryngeal stridor. The average age of patients at symptom presentation was 2.7 (1.5-5.2) months. There were significant differences between the 2 groups in the age at presentation, premature delivery, low birth weight, medical comorbidities, and calcium supplementation during pregnancy (P < .05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that premature delivery [odds ratio (OR) = 3.177, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.329-4.334], low birth weight (OR = 3.188, 95% CI: 2.325-4.370), and medical comorbidities (OR = 1.434, 95% CI: 1.076-1.909) were independent risk factors for severe laryngomalacia (P < .05). Conclusion: Children with severe
laryngomalacia exhibited persistent stridor at an earlier age at presentation. Premature delivery, low birth weight, and medical comorbidities were potential risk factors for severe laryngomalacia in children.