核建筑异常的存在是核包膜的标志,这是一组由编码核包膜蛋白的基因突变引起的疾病。层板蛋白A/C基因的突变会导致多种疾病,命名为层粘连病,包括肌营养不良,早衰综合征,和脂肪营养不良.携带LmnaH222P/H222P突变(H222P)的小鼠模型被证明会发展为严重的心肌病,但只有轻度的骨骼肌病。尽管在横纹肌中观察到异常核。在这份报告中,我们分析了从H222P小鼠骨骼肌中分离的成肌细胞和肌管中异常形状的核,并评估了这些异常肌核中核包膜蛋白的表达。H222P小鼠原代骨骼肌细胞在体外增殖并高效分化为肌管,与野生型小鼠相似。在细胞增殖过程中,很少检测到异常形状的核;然而,在分化的第5天和第7天,在H222P小鼠的肌管中观察到许多明显的异常肌核。延时观察表明,具有正常形状的肌核保持其正常形状,而异常形状的肌核在分化过程中至少48小时保持异常。在异常形状的肌核中,65%的人有一个带字符串结构的气泡,35%严重变形。核泡的面积和核含量相对稳定,而带有核泡的肌细胞在原代肌管内活跃融合。尽管肌核明显变形,很少观察到DNA损伤标记(γH2AX)或凋亡标记染色的沉积。薄片A/C和emerin的定位保持在气泡内,字符串,和严重变形的肌核区域;然而,在这些异常区域中不存在laminB1,nesprin-1和核孔复合物蛋白。这些结果表明,H222P骨骼肌细胞的核膜不会破裂,并且对DNA损伤具有抵抗力。尽管这些明显的形态学变化。
The presence of nuclear architectural abnormalities is a hallmark of the nuclear envelopathies, which are a group of diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding nuclear envelope proteins. Mutations in the lamin A/C gene cause several diseases, named laminopathies, including muscular dystrophies, progeria syndromes, and lipodystrophy. A mouse model carrying with the LmnaH222P/H222P mutation (H222P) was shown to develop severe cardiomyopathy but only mild skeletal myopathy, although abnormal nuclei were observed in their striated muscle. In this report, we analyzed the abnormal-shaped nuclei in myoblasts and myotubes isolated from skeletal muscle of H222P mice, and evaluated the expression of nuclear envelope proteins in these abnormal myonuclei. Primary skeletal muscle cells from H222P mice proliferated and efficiently differentiated into myotubes in vitro, similarly to those from wild-type mice. During cell proliferation, few abnormal-shaped nuclei were detected; however, numerous markedly abnormal myonuclei were observed in myotubes from H222P mice on days 5 and 7 of differentiation. Time-lapse observation demonstrated that myonuclei with a normal shape maintained their normal shape, whereas abnormal-shaped myonuclei remained abnormal for at least 48 h during differentiation. Among the abnormal-shaped myonuclei, 65% had a bleb with a string structure, and 35% were severely deformed. The area and nuclear contents of the nuclear blebs were relatively stable, whereas the myocytes with nuclear blebs were actively fused within primary myotubes. Although myonuclei were markedly deformed, the deposition of DNA damage marker (γH2AX) or apoptotic marker staining was rarely observed. Localizations of lamin A/C and emerin were maintained within the blebs, strings, and severely deformed regions of myonuclei; however, lamin B1, nesprin-1, and a nuclear pore complex protein were absent in these abnormal regions. These results demonstrate that nuclear membranes from H222P skeletal muscle cells do not rupture and are resistant to DNA damage, despite these marked morphological changes.