■无标记显微镜技术的出现显着提高了我们精确表征生化目标的能力,实现细胞器和组织组织的非侵入性可视化。然而,了解每种无标签方法的具体好处,缺点,在不同类型的标本的测量条件下,不同的灵敏度仍然是一个挑战。
■我们将所有这些不同的无标记光学相互作用链接在一起,并在统计估计理论的框架内比较检测灵敏度。
■为了实现这一目标,我们引入了一个全面的统一框架,用于评估使用无标签显微镜方法进行信号检测的界限,包括二次谐波的产生,三次谐波产生,相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射,相干斯托克斯拉曼散射,受激拉曼损失,受激拉曼增益,受激发射,脉冲受激拉曼散射,瞬态吸收,和光热效应。建立了由光学散射引起的信号产生的通用模型。
■基于此模型,使用Fisher信息对获得的信息进行定量分析,并通过Cramér-Rao下界评估了估计精度的基本约束,为优化实验设计和解释提供指导。
■我们为寻求将无标签技术用于生物医学研究和临床实践的非侵入性成像应用的研究人员提供了宝贵的见解。
UNASSIGNED: The emergence of label-free microscopy techniques has significantly improved our ability to precisely characterize biochemical targets, enabling non-invasive visualization of cellular organelles and tissue organization. However, understanding each label-free method with respect to the specific benefits, drawbacks, and varied sensitivities under measurement conditions across different types of specimens remains a challenge.
UNASSIGNED: We link all of these disparate label-free optical interactions together and compare the detection sensitivity within the framework of statistical estimation theory.
UNASSIGNED: To achieve this goal, we introduce a comprehensive unified framework for evaluating the bounds for signal detection with label-free microscopy methods, including second-harmonic generation, third-harmonic generation, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, coherent Stokes Raman scattering, stimulated Raman loss, stimulated Raman gain, stimulated emission, impulsive stimulated Raman scattering, transient absorption, and photothermal effect. A general model for signal generation induced by optical scattering is developed.
UNASSIGNED: Based on this model, the information obtained is quantitatively analyzed using Fisher information, and the fundamental constraints on estimation precision are evaluated through the Cramér-Rao lower bound, offering guidance for optimal experimental design and interpretation.
UNASSIGNED: We provide valuable insights for researchers seeking to leverage label-free techniques for non-invasive imaging applications for biomedical research and clinical practice.