■在年轻人中,COVID-19与听力损失(HL)的关系尚不清楚,需要进行调查。进行这项研究是为了确定COVID-19与青年成人HL和突发性感音神经性听力损失(SSNHL)的关系。
■这项基于全国人群的队列研究使用了韩国疾病控制和预防机构-COVID-19-国家健康保险服务的数据。研究人群包括20-39岁的年轻成年公民,没有HL病史。所有参与者从2022年7月1日开始随访,直到HL,死亡,或2022年12月31日。通过实验室测试,使用鼻咽或口咽拭子进行实时逆转录聚合酶链反应测定,确定了SARS-CoV-2感染的阳性诊断。主要和次要结局是HL和SSNHL,分别。年龄,性别,家庭收入,Charlson合并症指数,COVID-19疫苗接种,高血压,糖尿病,和血脂异常调整的子分布风险比(aSHR)和95%置信区间(CI)使用Fine-Gray子分布风险回归模型进行评估,将总体死亡视为竞争事件,以比较COVID-19阳性和阴性组的aSHR。
■共有6,716,879名年轻人符合分析条件。在40,260,757人-月随访期间,发现38,269例HL和5908例SSNHL。HL的风险(发病率:11.9对3.4/10,000PM;SHR,3.51;95%CI,3.39-3.63;aSHR,3.44;95%CI,3.33-3.56;P<0.0001)和SSNHL(发生率:1.8对0.5/10,000PM;SHR,3.58;95%CI,3.29-3.90;aSHR,3.52;95%CI,3.23-3.83;P<0.0001)在COVID-19组高于无COVID-19组。在采用多重插补后评估HL和SSNHL风险的敏感性分析中,利用治疗加权的逆概率,将研究人群限制在进行健康检查的队列中,结果与初步分析一致.
■我们的研究结果表明,年轻人在COVID-19后发生HL和SSNHL的风险增加。由于研究的局限性,包括缺乏客观的听力学数据,对其他人群具有普遍性的问题,和回顾性设计,仔细的解释是必要的。需要进一步研究客观的听力学数据和更长的随访期。
■IITP(信息与通信技术规划与评估研究所;IITP-2024-RS-00156439)和济州国立大学医院研究基金(2023)。
UNASSIGNED: The association of COVID-19 with hearing loss (HL) is unclear among young adults and needs to be investigated. This study was conducted to determine the association of COVID-19 with HL and sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in young adults.
UNASSIGNED: This nationwide population-based cohort study used data from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency-COVID-19-National Health Insurance Service. The study population consisted of young adult citizens aged 20-39 years without a history of HL. All participants were followed up from July 1, 2022 until HL, death, or December 31, 2022. A positive diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined through laboratory testing employing real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays using nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swabs. The primary and secondary outcomes were HL and SSNHL, respectively. Age, sex, household income, Charlson comorbidity index, COVID-19 vaccination, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia-adjusted subdistribution hazard ratios (aSHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were evaluated using the Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard regression model, considering overall death as a competing event to compare the aSHRs between COVID-19 positive and negative groups.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 6,716,879 young adults were eligible for the analyses. During 40,260,757 person-months (PMs) of follow-up, 38,269 cases of HL and 5908 cases of SSNHL were identified. The risk of HL (incidence: 11.9 versus 3.4/10,000 PMs; SHR, 3.51; 95% CI, 3.39-3.63; aSHR, 3.44; 95% CI, 3.33-3.56; P < 0.0001) and SSNHL (incidence: 1.8 versus 0.5/10,000 PMs; SHR, 3.58; 95% CI, 3.29-3.90; aSHR, 3.52; 95% CI, 3.23-3.83; P < 0.0001) was higher in COVID-19 group as compared to no COVID-19 group. In the sensitivity analyses that evaluated HL and SSNHL risks after adopting multiple imputations, utilizing inverse probability of treatment weighting, limiting study population to the cohort with a health screening examination, the results were consistent to the primary analysis.
UNASSIGNED: Our findings suggest a heightened risk of HL and SSNHL following COVID-19 in young adults. Due to study limitations, including the lack of objective audiological data, issues with generalizability to other populations, and the retrospective design, careful interpretation is necessary. Further studies with objective audiological data and a longer follow-up period are warranted.
UNASSIGNED: IITP (Institute for Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation; IITP-2024- RS-00156439) and Jeju National University Hospital Research Fund (2023).