■根据我们之前的研究,抑制性中间神经元功能的丧失有助于慢性偏头痛(CM)的中枢致敏。突触可塑性是中枢敏化发生的重要基础。然而,中间神经元介导的抑制的下降是否通过调节CM的突触可塑性来促进中枢敏化尚不清楚.因此,本研究旨在探讨中间神经元介导的抑制在CM突触可塑性发育中的作用。
■通过反复注入硬膜消炎汤(IS)7天建立大鼠CM模型,然后评估抑制性中间神经元的功能。脑室内注射巴氯芬[一种γ-氨基丁酸B型受体(GABABR)激动剂]或H89[一种蛋白激酶A(PKA)抑制剂)后,进行行为测试。通过测定突触相关蛋白突触后密度蛋白95(PSD95)的水平来研究突触可塑性的变化,突触素(Syp)和突触素-1(Syt-1)];通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)评估突触超微结构;并通过高尔基Cox染色确定突触棘的密度。通过测量降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)评估中枢致敏,脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF),c-Fos和P物质(SP)水平。最后,我们评估了PKA/Fyn激酶(Fyn)/酪氨酸磷酸化NR2B(pNR2B)通路和下游钙-钙调蛋白依赖性激酶II(CaMKII)/c-AMP反应元件结合蛋白(pCREB)信号传导.
■我们观察到抑制性中间神经元的功能障碍,发现GABABR的激活改善了CM诱导的痛觉过敏,抑制了突触相关蛋白水平的CM引起的升高和突触传递的增强,缓解了CM引发的中枢致敏相关蛋白水平的增加,并通过PKA/Fyn/pNR2B途径抑制CaMKII/pCREB信号传导。PKA的抑制抑制了CM诱导的Fyn/pNR2B信号的激活。
■这些数据表明,抑制性中间神经元的功能障碍通过调节CM大鼠导水管周围灰质(PAG)中的GABABR/PKA/Fyn/pNR2B途径的突触可塑性而导致中枢敏化。阻断GABABR-pNR2B信号可能通过调节中枢敏化中的突触可塑性而对CM治疗的效果产生积极影响。
UNASSIGNED: According to our previous study, the loss of inhibitory interneuron function contributes to central sensitization in chronic migraine (CM). Synaptic plasticity is a vital basis for the occurrence of central sensitization. However, whether the decline in interneuron-mediated inhibition promotes central sensitization by regulating synaptic plasticity in CM remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to explore the role of interneuron-mediated inhibition in the development of synaptic plasticity in CM.
UNASSIGNED: A CM model was established in rats by repeated dural infusion of inflammatory soup (IS) for 7 days, and the function of inhibitory interneurons was then evaluated. After intraventricular injection of baclofen [a gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor (GABABR) agonist] or H89 [a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor), behavioral tests were performed. The changes in synaptic plasticity were investigated by determining the levels of the synapse-associated proteins postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), synaptophysin (Syp) and synaptophysin-1(Syt-1)]; evaluating the synaptic ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM); and determining the density of synaptic spines via Golgi-Cox staining. Central sensitization was evaluated by measuring calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), c-Fos and substance P (SP) levels. Finally, the PKA/Fyn kinase (Fyn)/tyrosine-phosphorylated NR2B (pNR2B) pathway and downstream calcium-calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII)/c-AMP-responsive element binding protein (pCREB) signaling were assessed.
UNASSIGNED: We observed dysfunction of inhibitory interneurons, and found that activation of GABABR ameliorated CM-induced hyperalgesia, repressed the CM-evoked elevation of synapse-associated protein levels and enhancement of synaptic transmission, alleviated the CM-triggered increases in the levels of central sensitization-related proteins, and inhibited CaMKII/pCREB signaling via the PKA/Fyn/pNR2B pathway. The inhibition of PKA suppressed the CM-induced activation of Fyn/pNR2B signaling.
UNASSIGNED: These data reveal that the dysfunction of inhibitory interneurons contributes to central sensitization by regulating synaptic plasticity through the GABABR/PKA/Fyn/pNR2B pathway in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) of CM rats. Blockade of GABABR-pNR2B signaling might have a positive influence on the effects of CM therapy by modulating synaptic plasticity in central sensitization.