■这项研究检查了儿童时期注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)症状与社会隔离之间的纵向关联。这项研究测试了这种关联在不同时间的方向,在考虑已有特征的同时,并评估这种关联是否因多动症的表现而有所不同,线人,性别,和社会经济地位。
■参与者包括来自环境风险(E-Risk)纵向双胞胎研究的2,232名儿童。在5、7、10和12岁时测量ADHD症状和社会隔离。随机截距交叉滞后面板模型用于评估整个儿童期关联的方向性。
多动症症状增加的儿童在儿童后期变得社会孤立的风险不断增加。超过稳定特性(β=0.05-.08)。这些纵向关联不是双向的;孤立的儿童后来没有ADHD症状恶化的风险。多动症表现的儿童更有可能变得孤立,与不专心的演讲相比。这在学校环境中很明显,正如老师们观察到的那样,但不是在家里的母亲。
■研究结果强调了增强同伴社会支持和包容多动症儿童的重要性,特别是在学校环境中。这项研究增加了超越传统纵向方法的解释价值,因为结果代表了单个孩子随着时间的推移如何变化,相对于他们自己先前存在的特征。
■我们致力于确保招募人类参与者时的性别和性别平衡。我们努力确保以包容性的方式准备研究问卷。本文的一位或多位作者自我认同为科学中一个或多个历史上代表性不足的性和/或性别群体的成员。我们积极努力促进作者群体的性别和性别平衡。本文的作者名单包括参与数据收集的研究地点和/或社区的贡献者,设计,分析,和/或作品的解释。
UNASSIGNED: This study examined longitudinal associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and social isolation across childhood. The study tested the direction of this association across time, while accounting for preexisting characteristics, and assessed whether this association varied by ADHD presentation, informant, sex, and socioeconomic status.
UNASSIGNED: Participants included 2,232 children from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study. ADHD symptoms and social isolation were measured at ages 5, 7, 10, and 12. Random-intercept cross-lagged panel models were used to assess the directionality of the association across childhood.
UNASSIGNED: Children with increased ADHD symptoms were consistently at increased risk of becoming socially isolated later in childhood, over and above stable characteristics (β = .05-.08). These longitudinal associations were not bidirectional; isolated children were not at risk of worsening ADHD symptoms later on. Children with hyperactive ADHD presentation were more likely to become isolated, compared with inattentive presentation. This was evident in the school setting, as observed by teachers, but not by mothers at home.
UNASSIGNED: The study findings highlight the importance of enhancing peer social support and inclusion for children with ADHD, particularly in school settings. This study adds explanatory value beyond traditional longitudinal methods, as the results represent how individual children change over time, relative to their own preexisting characteristics.
UNASSIGNED: We worked to ensure sex and gender balance in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented sexual and/or gender groups in science. We actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our author group. The author list of this paper includes contributors from the location and/or community where the research was conducted who participated in the data collection, design, analysis, and/or interpretation of the work.