拟除虫菊酯主要用于韩国的蚊子控制。然而,在蚊子种群中发现了高频率的突变,不仅赋予除虫菊酯抗性,而且赋予其他杀虫剂抗性。这项研究旨在检验以下假设:公共卫生以外使用的杀虫剂可能在选择中起作用。简而言之,三个杀虫剂组的抗性突变频率(拟除虫菊酯,有机磷酸酯,和环二烯)在两个代表性的蚊子组(按蚊和淡色库蚊复合体)中进行了估计。通过多元回归分析研究了这些频率与收集点土地利用状况之间的关系。在按蚊中,ace1(有机磷抗性)和rdl(环二烯抗性)突变的频率与“靠近高尔夫球场”呈正相关,可能是由于用于草坪维护的杀虫剂。它们还与田间面积和稻田面积呈正相关,分别,表明农业杀虫剂在选择这些抗性性状中的作用。对于CX。Pipiens情结,Kdr(拟除虫菊酯抗性),ace1和rdl突变与居住区呈正相关,字段,还有稻田,分别。因此,用于公共卫生的拟除虫菊酯可以作为抵抗kdr的选择压力的直接来源,而非公共卫生杀虫剂可能对ace1和rdl性状构成初级选择压力。目前的研究结果表明,农业和高尔夫行业使用的杀虫剂在蚊子选择中起着重要作用,尽管根据蚊子组和杀虫剂类别的不同,间接选择压力的程度也有所不同。
Pyrethroids are primarily used for mosquito control in Korea. However, high frequencies of mutations conferring resistance to not only pyrethroids but also to other insecticides have been found in mosquito populations. This study aimed to examine the hypothesis that insecticides used outside of public health may play a role in selection. Briefly, the resistance mutation frequencies to three insecticide groups (pyrethroids, organophosphates, and cyclodienes) were estimated in two representative groups of mosquito species (Anopheles Hyrcanus Group and Culex pipiens complex). The relationship between these frequencies and the land-use status of the collection sites was investigated through multiple regression analysis. In the Anopheles Hyrcanus Group, the frequencies of both ace1 (organophosphate resistance) and rdl (cyclodiene resistance) mutations were positively correlated with \'proximity to golf course\', possibly be due to the insecticides used for turf maintenance. They also showed positive correlations with field area and rice paddy area, respectively, suggesting the role of agricultural insecticides in the selection of these resistance traits. For the Cx. pipiens complex, the kdr (pyrethroid resistance), ace1, and rdl mutations were positively correlated with the residential area, field, and rice paddy, respectively. Therefore, pyrethroids used for public health could serve as a direct source of resistance selection pressure against kdr, whereas non-public health insecticides may pose primary selection pressure against the ace1 and rdl traits. The current findings suggest that the insecticides used in agriculture and the golf industry play a significant role in mosquito selection, despite variations in the extent of indirect selection pressure according to the mosquito groups and insecticide classes.