背景:怀孕期间抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)的使用继续增加,因为已知它可以降低HIV母婴传播的可能性。然而,尚不清楚胎儿暴露于(ART)是否会影响胎儿环境,使后代有心脏代谢风险。因此,本研究的目的是系统评价宫内暴露于HIV/ART对子代的心脏代谢作用.
方法:我们进行了系统的综述,并从Google学者那里获得了文献,PubMed,ProQuest,WebofScience,和Scopus数据库。两名独立审稿人评估了标题,摘要,和完整的英语内容。纳入来自符合条件的研究的数据。
结果:搜索产生了7596条记录。在评估了所有这些记录之后,本系统综述包括35篇全长文章。几项研究表明,低出生体重,小头围,与未暴露于HIV的未感染儿童(HUU)相比,暴露于HIV的未感染儿童(HEU)中线粒体含量改变更为常见.一些研究表明甘油三酯水平升高,胰岛素水平较低,血压升高,氧化应激,血管功能障碍,心脏损伤,与HUU儿童相比,HEU儿童的心肌功能障碍。
结论:大多数研究结果表明,HEU儿童存在心脏代谢健康危险因素,表明母亲接触艾滋病毒和抗逆转录病毒疗法可能会对胎儿健康产生负面影响,这可能会在以后的生活中导致心脏代谢发病。
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral treatment (ART) use during pregnancy continues to rise as it is known to decrease the likelihood of HIV transmission from mother to child. However, it is still unknown whether foetal exposure to (ART) may affect the foetal environment, predisposing the offspring to cardiometabolic risk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to systematically review the cardio-metabolic effects of in utero exposure to HIV/ART on offspring.
METHODS: We carried out a systematic review and obtained literature from the Google scholar, PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Two independent reviewers evaluated the titles, abstracts, and full-length English contents. Data from the eligible studies were included.
RESULTS: The search yielded 7596 records. After assessing all of these records, 35 of the full-length articles were included in this systematic review. Several studies showed that low birth weight, small head circumference, and altered mitochondrial content were more common among HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children compared to HIV-unexposed uninfected children (HUU). A few studies demonstrated elevated triglyceride levels, lower levels of insulin, and increased blood pressure, oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, cardiac damage, and myocardial dysfunction among HEU children compared with HUU children.
CONCLUSIONS: Most findings showed that there were cardio-metabolic health risk factors among HEU children, indicating that maternal exposure to HIV and ART may negatively affect foetal health, which may lead to cardio-metabolic morbidity later in life.