大麻二酚(CBD)是源自大麻L的主要非精神活性植物大麻素。它现在是一种活性药物成分(API),考虑到它在治疗某些类型的小儿癫痫中的用途。出于这个原因,这种化合物需要在纯度和来源方面进行深入的表征。以前的研究工作表明,大麻花序的CBD样品中有两种杂质,即,大麻素(CBDV)和大麻素(CBDB),而异常大麻二酚(abn-CBD)已被描述为从CBD合成产生的主要副产物。天然和合成CBD样品均表现出Δ9-四氢大麻酚(Δ9-THC)和Δ8-THC的存在。本研究旨在开发一种基于高效液相色谱(HPLC)的新分析方法,该方法具有不同的检测系统,以研究CBD的纯度并根据杂质谱定义其来源。除了上述大麻素,其他化合物,如大麻素(CBGV),大麻酚(CBG),大麻二甲酚(CBCV),和大麻酚(CBC),被检查为潜在的辨别杂质。通过UHPLC-HRMS和HPLC-UV/Vis进行定性和定量分析,分别。主成分分析用于统计探索。天然CBD样品的纯度介于97.5%和99.7%之间,虽然合成样品通常是纯的,除了三个最初标记为合成的,揭示天然来源的杂质。为了进一步确认CBD样品的来源,其他两种次要杂质的存在,即大麻二己醇(CBDH)和大麻二己醇(CBDP),被评估为明确的自然起源。最后,进行对映选择性HPLC分析,结果证实在所有CBD样品中存在(-)-反式对映体。总之,开发的HPLC方法代表了检测CBD杂质的可靠工具,从而提供了对复合起源的明确区分。
Cannabidiol (CBD) is the main non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid derived from Cannabis sativa L. It is now an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), given its usage in treating some types of pediatric epilepsy. For this reason, this compound requires a deep characterization in terms of purity and origin. Previous research work has shown two impurities in CBD samples from hemp inflorescences, namely, cannabidivarin (CBDV) and cannabidibutol (CBDB), while abnormal-cannabidiol (abn-CBD) has been described as the primary by-product that is generated from CBD synthesis. Both natural and synthetic CBD samples exhibit the presence of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and Δ8-THC. This study aimed to develop a new analytical method based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with different detection systems to study the purity of CBD and to define its origin based on the
impurity profile. In addition to the above-mentioned cannabinoids, other compounds, such as cannabigerovarin (CBGV), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabichromevarin (CBCV), and cannabichromene (CBC), were examined as potential discriminating impurities. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out by UHPLC-HRMS and HPLC-UV/Vis, respectively. Principal component analysis was applied for statistical exploration. Natural CBD samples exhibited purities ranging between 97.5 and 99.7%, while synthetic samples were generally pure, except for three initially labeled as synthetic, revealing natural-derived impurities. To further confirm the origin of CBD samples, the presence of other two minor impurities, namely cannabidihexol (CBDH) and cannabidiphorol (CBDP), was assessed as unequivocal for a natural origin. Finally, an enantioselective HPLC analysis was carried out and the results confirmed the presence of the (-)-trans enantiomer in all CBD samples. In conclusion, the HPLC method developed represents a reliable tool for detecting CBD impurities, thus providing a clear discrimination of the compound origin.