为了实现餐厨垃圾的增值利用,研究了通过酵母发酵制备小龙虾(Procambarusclarkii)饲料。首先,通过单因素实验获得合适的发酵条件如下:用麸皮将FW的初始水分调节至60%,接种2%酵母混合物(酿酒酵母,产产假丝酵母,和Yarrowialipolytica,3:2:1),然后进行有氧固态发酵7天。发酵饲料中粗蛋白和酸溶蛋白含量分别为25.14%和5.16%,分别增加了8%和140.67%,分别。粗脂肪含量为0.74%,下降68.29%。抗氧化剂谷胱甘肽含量(571.78μg/g)增加了63.33%,蛋白酶和淀粉酶的活性增加了近9倍和3倍,分别。黄曲霉毒素B1、玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇为63.83%,77.52%,和80.16%,分别。通过替换(0%,10%,30%,50%,和100%)小龙虾的商业饮食(30天培养期)。当更换比例为30%时,小龙虾的体重增加达到44.87%(初始体重13.98±0.41g),与对照组相比,显着增加了10.25%(p=0.0005)。此外,小龙虾肝胰腺中的溶菌酶和SOD酶活性也显着增加。我们的研究结果表明,来自FW的酵母发酵饲料可以替代30%的小龙虾的常规饮食,这可能会提高小龙虾的抗氧化能力,并通过提供分子如谷胱甘肽增强非特异性免疫力。
In order to realize the value-added utilization of food waste (FW), the preparation of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) feed by yeast fermentation was investigated. Firstly, the suitable fermentation condition was obtained through a single factor experiment as follows: the initial moisture of the FW was adjusted to 60% with bran and inoculated with a 2% yeast mixture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida utilis, and Yarrowia lipolytica, 3:2:1) followed by aerobic solid-state fermentation for 7 days. The crude protein and acid-soluble protein contents in the fermented feed were 25.14% and 5.16%, which were increased by 8% and 140.67%, respectively. The crude fat content was 0.74%, decreased by 68.29%. The content of antioxidant glutathione (571.78 μg/g) increased 63.33%, and the activities of protease and amylase increased nearly 9 and 3 times, respectively. The maximum degradation rates of aflatoxin B1, zearalenone, and deoxynivalenol were 63.83%, 77.52%, and 80.16%, respectively. The fermented feeds were evaluated by substituting (0%, 10%, 30%, 50%, and 100%) commercial diet for crayfish (30-day culture period). When the replacement proportion was 30%, the weight gain of crayfish reached 44.87% (initial body weight 13.98 ± 0.41 g), which was significantly increased by 10.25% compared with the control (p = 0.0005). In addition, the lysozyme and SOD enzyme activities in crayfish hepatopancreas were also increased significantly. Our findings suggest that yeast-fermented feed from FW can replace 30% of crayfish\'s conventional diet, which may improve crayfish\'s antioxidant capacity and enhance non-specific immunity by providing molecules such as glutathione.