目的:大麻的植物大麻素和萜烯在几种炎症条件下表现出有限的抗炎和镇痛作用。在目前的研究中,我们检验了植物大麻素在体外通过降低炎性细胞因子的表达和活化发挥免疫调节作用的假设。
方法:用植物大麻素化合物和萜烯体外处理来自健康供体(n=6)的CD3/CD28和脂多糖活化的外周血单核细胞(PBMC)。流式细胞术用于确定调节性T细胞(Treg)和T辅助17(Th17)细胞对处理的反应。收获细胞沉淀用于细胞因子的qRT-PCR基因表达分析,细胞激活标记,和炎症相关受体.通过ELISA分析细胞培养上清液以定量IL-6、TNF-α和IL-10分泌。
结果:在对20μM大麻素和萜烯进行编码的初始筛选中,大麻酚(GL4a),石竹烯氧化物(GL5a)和γ-萜品烯(GL6a)显着降低细胞毒性和IL6,IL10,TNF,TRPV1,CNR1,HTR1A,FOXP3、RORC和NFKΒ1。四氢大麻酚(GL7a)抑制T细胞活化与RORC和NFKB1基因表达下调以及IL-6(p<0.0001)和IL10(p<0.01)分泌减少有关。在随后的体外剂量反应研究中,大麻二酚(GL1b)显著抑制Tregs(p<0.05)和Th17细胞(p<0.05)的活化。使用50μM大麻二酚时,IL-6(p<0.01)和IL-10(p<0.01)的分泌显着降低。
结论:该研究提供了第一个证据,表明大麻二酚和四氢大麻酚在炎症的体外PBMC模型中抑制了抗炎和促炎细胞因子的细胞外表达。
OBJECTIVE: Phytocannabinoids and terpenes from Cannabis sativa have demonstrated limited anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in several inflammatory conditions. In the current study, we test the hypothesis that phytocannabinoids exert immunomodulatory effects in vitro by decreasing inflammatory cytokine expression and activation.
METHODS: CD3/CD28 and lipopolysaccharide activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors (n = 6) were treated with phytocannabinoid compounds and terpenes in vitro. Flow cytometry was used to determine regulatory T cell (Treg) and T helper 17 (Th17) cell responses to treatments. Cell pellets were harvested for qRT-PCR gene expression analysis of cytokines, cell activation markers, and inflammation-related receptors. Cell culture supernatants were analysed by ELISA to quantify IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 secretion.
RESULTS: In an initial screen of 20 μM cannabinoids and terpenes which were coded to blind investigators, cannabigerol (GL4a), caryophyllene oxide (GL5a) and gamma-terpinene (GL6a) significantly reduced cytotoxicity and gene expression levels of IL6, IL10, TNF, TRPV1, CNR1, HTR1A, FOXP3, RORC and NFKΒ1. Tetrahydrocannabinol (GL7a) suppression of T cell activation was associated with downregulation of RORC and NFKΒ1 gene expression and reduced IL-6 (p < 0.0001) and IL10 (p < 0.01) secretion. Cannabidiol (GL1b) significantly suppressed activation of Tregs (p < 0.05) and Th17 cells (p < 0.05) in a follow-on in vitro dose-response study. IL-6 (p < 0.01) and IL-10 (p < 0.01) secretion was significantly reduced with 50 μM cannabidiol.
CONCLUSIONS: The study provides the first evidence that cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol suppress extracellular expression of both anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines in an in vitro PBMC model of inflammation.