■了解对宠物的依恋如何缓解抑郁和焦虑,为制定预防和治疗策略提供了宝贵的见解。特别是对于那些因童年创伤而不安全的依恋方式。
■为了确定与宠物的亲密联系是否与减少的抑郁和焦虑有关,尤其是经历过童年虐待的女性。
■这项横断面研究涉及自愿参加身心研究(MBS)的女性,护士健康研究II(NHS2)的一项子研究,重点是心理社会因素。报告童年虐待的妇女被过度抽样,以捕捉她们成年后的社会心理困扰。MBS参与者被邀请完成全面的在线问卷,两次给药(2013年3月和2014年2月)。
■通过列克星敦附着到宠物秤(LAPS)测量的宠物附着。
■抑郁和焦虑的水平(10项流行病学研究中心抑郁量表[CESD-10];凯斯勒心理困扰量表[K6];7项广义焦虑障碍量表[GAD-7];皇冠惊恐体验指数恐惧症子量表[CCI]),单独考虑,并结合到焦虑和抑郁症状的总体z评分测量中。
■共有214名女性(平均[SD]年龄,包括60.8[3.9]年);156名妇女(72.6%)报告了童年虐待史。在2013年邀请的688名MBS参与者中,有293人(42.6%)表示有兴趣;有228份完整的问卷(回复率,77.8%),2013年和208份问卷(回复率,71.0%),2014年。LAPS评分由140名参与者(65.4%)提供,狗为78(55.7%),猫为46(32.9%)。总体上较高的宠物依恋LAPS评分与较低的GAD-7评分显着相关(β=-0.17;95%CI,-0.29至-0.06),但与恐惧焦虑或抑郁无关.猫依恋与抑郁或焦虑之间没有统计学上的显着关联。较高的狗依恋与抑郁症评分明显较低相关(CESD-10:β,-0.47;95%CI,-0.68至-0.26;K6:β=-0.42;95%CI,-0.54至-0.31),广泛性焦虑(GAD-7:β=-0.47;95%CI,-0.65至-0.3),以及焦虑和抑郁的总体测量值(z评分:β=-0.12;95%CI,-0.17至-0.08),但狗依恋与恐惧症之间没有关联(CCI:β=-0.08;95%CI,-0.24~0.09).当分析仅限于有童年虐待史的女性时,所有关联效应的大小都更高。
■在这项探索性的横断面研究中,对宠物的强烈依恋,尤其是狗,与较低的焦虑和抑郁症状有关。有利的关联在有童年虐待史的女性中尤为明显。
UNASSIGNED: Understanding how attachment to pets can alleviate depression and anxiety offers valuable insights for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies, particularly for those with insecure attachment styles from childhood trauma.
UNASSIGNED: To determine if a close bond with a pet is associated with reduced depression and anxiety, especially among women who experienced childhood abuse.
UNASSIGNED: This cross-sectional study involved women who voluntarily enrolled in the Mind Body Study (MBS), a substudy of the Nurses\' Health Study II (NHS2) focusing on psychosocial factors. Women reporting childhood abuse were oversampled to capture their psychosocial distress in adulthood. MBS participants were invited to complete comprehensive online questionnaires, which were administered twice (March 2013 and February 2014).
UNASSIGNED: Pet attachment measured by Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale (LAPS).
UNASSIGNED: Levels of depression and anxiety (10-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale [CESD-10]; Kessler Psychological Distress Scale [K6]; 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale [GAD-7]; Crown Crisp Experiential Index phobic anxiety subscale [CCI]), considered individually and combined into an overall z-score measure of anxiety and depression symptoms.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 214 women (mean [SD] age, 60.8 [3.9] years) were included; 156 women (72.6%) reported a history of childhood abuse. Of 688 invited MBS participants in 2013, 293 (42.6%) expressed interest; there were 228 completed questionnaires (response rate, 77.8%) in 2013 and 208 questionnaires (response rate, 71.0%) in 2014. LAPS scores were provided by 140 participants (65.4%), 78 (55.7%) for dogs and 46 (32.9%) for cats. Overall higher pet attachment on the LAPS score was significantly associated with lower GAD-7 scores (β = -0.17; 95% CI, -0.29 to -0.06), but there was no association for phobic anxiety or depression. There were no statistically significant associations between cat attachment and depression or anxiety. Higher dog attachment was associated with significantly lower scores in depression (CESD-10: β, -0.47; 95% CI, -0.68 to -0.26; K6: β = -0.42; 95% CI, -0.54 to -0.31), generalized anxiety (GAD-7: β = -0.47; 95% CI, -0.65 to -0.3), and the overall measure of anxiety and depression (z score: β = -0.12; 95% CI, -0.17 to -0.08), but there was no association between dog attachment and phobic anxiety (CCI: β = -0.08; 95% CI, -0.24 to 0.09). All effect sizes for associations were higher when analyses were restricted to women with a history of childhood abuse.
UNASSIGNED: In this explorative cross-sectional study, strong attachment to pets, especially dogs, was associated with lower anxiety and depression symptoms. The favorable association was particularly apparent in women with a history of childhood abuse.