背景:孕妇在怀孕期间吸烟(MSDP)与后代的短期或长期健康密切相关。然而,很少有研究研究MSDP是否会影响后代的衰老率。
方法:这项研究使用问卷调查来确定参与者的母亲在怀孕时是否吸烟。为了评估老化率,我们使用了以下几个结果测量:端粒长度,脆弱指数,认知功能,体内平衡失调评分,KDM-年龄,与年龄相关的住院率,过早死亡,和预期寿命。
结果:调整协变量后,我们发现,与非MSDP组相比,MSDP组的后代成年期端粒长度显着缩短了0.8%(β=-0.008,95CI:-0.009至-0.006)。与非MSDP组相比,MSDP组参与者的体内平衡失调水平较高(β=0.015,95CI:0.007~0.024),且较虚弱(β=0.008,95CI:0.007~0.009).由于MSDP,KDM年龄增加了0.100(β=0.100,95%CI:0.018-0.181),KDM算法的年龄加速度也显著增加(β=0.101,95CI:0.020-0.183)。此外,我们发现,与衰老相关的住院风险显著高于非MSDP组10.4%(HR=1.104,95CI:1.066~1.144).此外,MSDP组全因过早死亡风险增加12.2%(HR=1.122,95CI:1.064-1.182),肺癌特异性过早死亡风险增加55.4%(HR=1.554,95CI:1.346-1.793)。此外,与非MSDP组相比,MSDP组参与者的认知功能显著下降,预期寿命也较短.
结论:我们的发现表明MSPD与加速衰老之间存在显着关联,住院率升高,过早死亡率增加,减少后代的预期寿命。
BACKGROUND: Maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) is significantly linked to the short- or long-term health of offspring. However, little research has examined whether MSDP affect the aging rate of offspring.
METHODS: This study used questionnaires to determine out whether the participants\' mothers smoked when they were pregnant. For evaluating aging rate, we used the following several outcome measures: telomere length, frailty index, cognitive function, homeostatic dysregulation score, KDM-age, age-related hospitalization rate, premature death, and life expectancy.
RESULTS: After adjusting for covariates, we found that the offspring of the MSDP group had significantly shorter telomere length in adulthood by 0.8 % (β = -0.008,95%CI:-0.009 to -0.006) compared with non-MSDP group. Compared to the non-MSDP group, participants in MSDP group showed higher levels of homeostatic dysregulation (β = 0.015,95%CI: 0.007-0.024) and were frailer (β = 0.008,95%CI:0.007-0.009). The KDM age increased by 0.100 due to MSDP (β = 0.100,95 % CI:0.018-0.181), and the age acceleration of KDM algorithm also increases significantly (β = 0.101, 95%CI:0.020-0.183). Additionally, we found that the risk of aging-related hospitalizations was significantly higher than the non-MSDP group by 10.4 %(HR = 1.104,95%CI:1.066-1.144). Moreover, MSDP group had a 12.2 % increased risk of all-cause premature mortality (HR = 1.122,95%CI:1.064-1.182) and a significant risk of lung cancer-specific premature mortality increased by 55.4 %(HR = 1.554,95%CI:1.346-1.793). In addition, participants in the MSDP group had significantly decreased cognitive function and shorter life expectancies than those in non-MSDP group.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated a significant association between MSPD and accelerated aging, elevated hospitalization rates, increased premature mortality rates, and reduced life expectancies in offspring.