背景:全球经济和社会发展增加了营养的投入,特别是氮(N)和磷(P),土壤。这些养分会影响陆地生态系统中的土壤呼吸(Rs)。它们可以独立行动,也可以对RS产生交互影响。N和P对Rs及其组分(自养呼吸[Ra]和异养呼吸[Rh])的影响,然而,无论是单独还是一起,知之甚少。我们对130项研究进行了荟萃分析,以研究不同施肥处理对陆地生态系统中Rs及其成分的影响。
结果:我们的结果表明,(1)肥料添加对Rs的影响在不同肥料类型之间有所不同。N添加显著降低Rs和Rh,但不影响Ra;P添加对Rs无显著影响,Rh,和Ra;NP添加显著增加Rs,但不影响Rh和Ra。(2)生态系统类型,受精的持续时间,受精率,和肥料形式影响Rs及其组分对肥料施用的响应。(3)根据我们的研究,年平均温度可能是Rs对肥料添加反应的驱动因素,而土壤总氮可能是Rs对肥料添加响应的重要预测因子。
结论:总体而言,我们的研究强调了土壤Rs及其组分对肥料施用的响应的复杂性和多面性,强调在预测和建模未来Rs及其对全球变化的反馈时考虑多个因素的重要性。
BACKGROUND: Economic and social development worldwide increases the input of nutrients, especially nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), to soils. These nutrients affect soil respiration (Rs) in terrestrial ecosystems. They may act independently or have interactive effects on Rs. The effect of N and P on Rs and its components (autotrophic respiration [Ra] and heterotrophic respiration [Rh]), however, either individually or together, is poorly understood. We performed a meta-analysis of 130 studies to examine the effects of different fertilization treatments on Rs and its components across terrestrial ecosystems.
RESULTS: Our results showed that (1) The impact of fertilizer addition on Rs varies among different fertilizer types. N addition reduced Rs and Rh significantly but did not affect Ra; P addition had no significant effect on Rs, Rh, and Ra; NP addition increased Rs significantly but did not affect Rh and Ra. (2) Ecosystem type, duration of fertilization, fertilization rate, and fertilizer form influenced the response of Rs and its components to fertilizer application. (3) Based on our study, the annual average temperature may be a driving factor of Rs response to fertilizer addition, while soil total nitrogen may be an important predictor of Rs response to fertilizer addition.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our study highlights the complex and multifaceted nature of the response of soil Rs and its components to fertilizer application, underscoring the importance of considering multiple factors when predicting and modeling future Rs and its feedback to global change.