目的:我们在具有全国代表性的医疗保险受益人样本中,按种族和民族调查了与助听器使用相关的个体水平因素。
方法:我们使用了Medicare当前受益人调查(2016-2018周期),对10,301名听力损失和使用助听器的老年人进行了调查。协变量包括教育,收入,城市住宅,慢性疾病,功能限制,和医疗补助资格。使用按种族和种族分层的多变量逻辑回归来确定与助听器使用相关的因素。
结果:与助听器使用相关的因素包括白人的高等教育(OR=1.35,95CI:1.16,1.58),黑色(OR=1.76,95CI:1.02,3.05),和西班牙裔(OR=1.77,95CI:1.17,2.68)受益人。城市居住与黑人参与者的助听器使用相关(OR=3.06,95CI:1.17,8.03)和西班牙裔参与者的医疗补助资格(OR=1.58,95CI:0.97,2.59),尽管置信区间包括零假设。
结论:与助听器使用相关的个人水平因素因医疗保险受益人的种族和民族而异。
OBJECTIVE: We examined individual-level factors associated with hearing aid use by race and ethnicity in a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries.
METHODS: We used the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (cycles 2016-2018) for 10,301 older adults with hearing loss and hearing aid use as the primary outcome. Covariates included education, income, urban residence, chronic conditions, functional limitations, and Medicaid eligibility. Multivariable logistic regression stratified by race and ethnicity was used to identify factors associated with hearing aid use.
RESULTS: Factors associated with hearing aid use included higher education among White (OR = 1.35, 95%CI:1.16, 1.58), Black (OR = 1.76, 95%CI:1.02, 3.05), and Hispanic (OR = 1.77, 95%CI:1.17, 2.68) beneficiaries. Urban residence was associated with hearing aid use for Black participants (OR = 3.06, 95%CI:1.17, 8.03) and Medicaid eligibility for Hispanic participants (OR = 1.58, 95%CI:0.97, 2.59), although the confidence interval included the null hypothesis.
CONCLUSIONS: ndividual-level factors associated with hearing aid use differed by race and ethnicity among Medicare beneficiaries.