■罗姆少数民族,欧洲最大的少数民族,与整个非洲大陆的非罗姆人相比,生活条件和健康结果存在显著差异。尽管大量记录了罗姆人面临的社会经济挑战,比较研究明显缺乏。
■本研究旨在通过研究社会经济特征的差异来填补这一空白,生活条件,匈牙利(HU)罗姆人(R)和非罗姆人(nR)妇女之间的自我报告健康状况,罗马尼亚(RO),斯洛伐克(SK)提供跨国比较分析。利用简单和多个二元逻辑模型,我们的研究分析了2020年9月至2022年3月收集的数据,涉及匈牙利的322名罗姆人和294名非罗姆妇女,罗马尼亚258名罗姆妇女和183名非罗姆妇女,斯洛伐克146名罗姆妇女和163名非罗姆妇女。
■研究结果表明年龄增长之间存在显着关联(R:OR=1.04[1.02,1.06],p<0.001),(nR:OR=1.04[1.02,1.05],p<0.001)较低的财务状况(R:OR=2.05[1.01,4.18],p=0.048)(nR:OR=1.67[1.01,2.77],p=0.047),和基础教育水平(R:OR=3.60[1.29,10.08],p=0.015)(nR:OR=3.64[1.77,7.51],p<0.001),匈牙利两组的健康状况都可能较差。在罗马尼亚,年龄增加(OR=1.04[1.02,1.06],p<0.001)和基础教育水平(OR=5.24[2.29,11.99],p<0.001)特别预测了非罗姆人的健康状况不佳,在斯洛伐克,年龄(OR=1.05[1.02,1.07],p<0.001)是罗马的一个重要因素,和中等教育水平(OR=2.68[1.16,6.20],p=0.021)是非罗姆人。研究还发现,儿童人数较多(HU:OR=1.35[1.12,1.63],p=0.002),(RO:OR=1.57[1.25,1.96],p<0.001)和住房舒适性问题(RO:OR=4.83[2.19,10.62],p=0.015)和墙壁条件(RO:OR=2.81[1.22,6.46],p<0.001)显著影响匈牙利和罗马尼亚的非罗姆妇女的健康状况。相反,家庭人数增加与匈牙利(OR=0.88[0.79,0.99])和斯洛伐克(OR=0.78[0.61,0.99])的罗姆妇女健康状况改善有关。
■通过提供新颖的比较分析,这项研究强调了迫切需要关注罗姆妇女面临的健康差距,特别是那些由于种族和社会经济地位而处于多重不利地位的人。
UNASSIGNED: The Roma minority, Europe\'s largest ethnic minority, experiences significant disparities in living conditions and health outcomes compared to the non-Roma populations across the continent. Despite extensive documentation of the socio-economic challenges faced by the Roma, there is a notable lack of comparative research.
UNASSIGNED: This study aims to fill this gap by examining the differences in socio-economic characteristics, living conditions, and self-reported health status between Roma (R) and non-Roma (nR) women in in Hungary (HU), Romania (RO), and Slovakia (SK), providing a cross-country comparative analysis. Utilizing simple and multiple binary logistic models, our research analysed data collected from September 2020 to March 2022, involving 322 Roma and 294 non-Roma women in Hungary, 258 Roma and 183 non-Roma women in Romania, and 146 Roma and 163 non-Roma women in Slovakia.
UNASSIGNED: Findings indicate significant associations between increased age (R:OR = 1.04[1.02,1.06], p < 0.001), (nR:OR = 1.04[1.02,1.05], p < 0.001) lower financial situation (R:OR = 2.05[1.01,4.18], p = 0.048) (nR:OR = 1.67[1.01,2.77], p = 0.047), and basic education level (R:OR = 3.60[1.29,10.08], p = 0.015) (nR:OR = 3.64[1.77,7.51], p < 0.001) with the likelihood of poor health status across both groups in Hungary. In Romania, increased age (OR = 1.04[1.02,1.06], p < 0.001) and basic education level (OR = 5.24[2.29,11.99], p < 0.001) were particularly predictive of poor health among non-Roma, while in Slovakia, age (OR = 1.05[1.02,1.07], p < 0.001) was a significant factor for Roma, and intermediate education level (OR = 2.68[1.16,6.20], p = 0.021) was for non-Roma. The study also found that a higher number of children (HU:OR = 1.35[1.12,1.63], p = 0.002), (RO:OR = 1.57[1.25,1.96], p < 0.001) and problems with housing comfort (RO:OR = 4.83[2.19,10.62], p = 0.015) and wall conditions (RO:OR = 2.81[1.22,6.46], p < 0.001) significantly impacted the health status of non-Roma women in Hungary and Romania. Conversely, an increase in household size was associated with a better health status among Roma women in Hungary (OR = 0.88[0.79,0.99]) and Slovakia (OR = 0.78[0.61,0.99]).
UNASSIGNED: By offering a novel comparative analysis, this study highlights the critical need for focused attention on the health disparities faced by Roma women, particularly those in a multiply disadvantaged situation due to their ethnic and socio-economic status.