背景:在新精神活性物质(NPS)的动态宇宙中,鉴定多种和化学上不同的化合物仍然是法医实验室的挑战。由于头发分析代表了评估NPS患病率的黄金标准,通常与经典的滥用药物(DoA)一起检测到,我们的研究旨在开发一种宽屏方法来检测和量化头发上的127NPS和15DoA。
方法:一种用于鉴定和定量127NPS(苯乙胺,芳基环己基胺,合成阿片类药物,色胺,合成大麻素,合成卡西酮,开发了设计师苯二氮卓类药物)和头发样品中的15个DoA。根据欧洲药品管理局(EMA)指南进行了全面验证,通过评估选择性,线性度准确度,精度,定量限(LOQ),检测限(LOD),基体效应和恢复。作为适用性的证明,该方法适用于为法医目的收集的22份真实头发样本。
结果:成功验证,通过满足所需的技术参数,对于137种化合物(122NPS和15DoA),129种化合物的LOQ设定为4pg/mg,对于6为10μg/mg,并且对于2为40μg/mg。该方法未被认为对5NPS进行了验证,因为LLOQ结果过高,无法进行法医分析(80pg/mg)。在真实的法医样本中,17检测为DoA阳性,10到NPS,大多数样本都显示出两者的阳性。检测到的NPS是氯胺酮和去甲氯胺酮,5-MMPA,利醋甲酸,甲氧基乙酰芬太尼,甲酮和RCS-4。
结论:本方法代表了一种简单的,低成本,定量122NPS和15DoA的宽板方法,总共137种分析物,在头发样本中。该方法可以由法医实验室有益地应用。在头发基质上类似的多分析方法可能在将来用于研究NPS的患病率和NPS-DoA滥用的同时发生。
BACKGROUND: In the dynamic universe of new psychoactive substances (NPS), the identification of multiple and chemically diverse compounds remains a challenge for forensic laboratories. Since hair analysis represents a gold-standard to assess the prevalence of NPS, which are commonly detected together with classical drugs of abuse (DoA), our study aimed at developing a wide-screen method to detect and quantify 127 NPS and 15 DoA on hair.
METHODS: A multi-analyte ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for the identification and quantification of 127 NPS (phenethylamines, arylcyclohexylamines, synthetic opioids, tryptamines, synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones, designer benzodiazepines) and 15 DoA in hair samples was developed. A full validation was performed according to the European medicines Agency (EMA) guidelines, by assessing selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of quantification (LOQ), limit of detection (LOD), matrix effect and recovery. As a proof of the applicability, the method was applied to 22 authentic hair samples collected for forensic purposes.
RESULTS: Successful validation was achieved, by meeting the required technical parameters, for 137 compounds (122 NPS and 15 DoA), with LOQ set at 4 pg/mg for 129 compounds, at 10 pg/mg for 6 and at 40 pg/mg for 2. The method was not considered validated for 5 NPS, as LLOQ resulted too high for a forensic analysis (80 pg/mg). Among authentic forensic samples, 17 tested positive for DoA, and 10 to NPS, most samples showing positivity for both. Detected NPS were ketamine and norketamine, 5-MMPA, ritalinic acid, methoxyacetyl fentanyl, methylone and RCS-4.
CONCLUSIONS: The present methodology represents an easy, low cost, wide-panel method for the quantification of 122 NPS and 15 DoA, for a total of 137 analytes, in hair samples. The method can be profitably applied by forensic laboratories. Similar multi-analyte methods on the hair matrix might be useful in the future to study the prevalence of NPS and the co-occurrence of NPS-DoA abuse.