■吞咽障碍是一个可能导致误吸的关键问题,肺炎,和营养不良。动物模型可用于揭示病理生理学并促进由许多疾病引起的吞咽困难的新疗法的开发。本研究旨在开发一种新的吞咽困难模型,在咽部吞咽过程中减少咽部收缩。
■我们分析了双侧或单侧横断迷走神经咽支(Ph-X)随时间的咽部吞咽动力学,使用视频透视评估豚鼠的吞咽。我们还评估了去神经支配后咽缩肌的详细解剖结构。
■吞咽的视频透视检查显示,在双侧和单侧切开Ph-X后,吞咽过程中咽部面积显着增加。视频透视检查还显示,双侧和单侧切片组的咽部转运时间明显更长。切片侧的甲状腺咽肌明显比完整侧的薄。相比之下,切面和完整侧的环咽肌厚度没有显着差异。双侧甲状腺咽肌的平均厚度与咽部面积和咽部运输持续时间呈线性关系。
■这项研究中获得的数据表明,Ph-X的神经支配可能会影响咽部吞咽过程中与咽缩肌厚度有关的咽部收缩强度,导致推注速度降低。该实验模型可能为(1)咽部吞咽困难的治疗方法的发展和(2)有关恢复过程的机制提供必要的信息,神经支配,和神经再生后的损伤和吞咽障碍可能引起的延髓中风,神经肌肉疾病,或头部和颈部癌症的手术损伤。
UNASSIGNED: Swallowing impairment is a crucial issue that can lead to aspiration, pneumonia, and malnutrition. Animal models are useful to reveal pathophysiology and to facilitate development of new treatments for dysphagia caused by many diseases. The present study aimed to develop a new dysphagia model with reduced pharyngeal constriction during pharyngeal swallowing.
UNASSIGNED: We analyzed the dynamics of pharyngeal swallowing over time with the pharyngeal branches of the vagus nerve (Ph-X) bilaterally or unilaterally transected, using videofluoroscopic assessment of swallowing in guinea pigs. We also evaluated the detailed anatomy of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles after the denervation.
UNASSIGNED: Videofluoroscopic examination of swallowing showed a significant increase in the pharyngeal area during swallowing after bilateral and unilateral sectioning of the Ph-X. The videofluoroscopy also showed significantly higher pharyngeal transit duration for bilateral and unilateral section groups. The thyropharyngeal muscle on the sectioned side was significantly thinner than that on the intact side. In contrast, the thickness of the cricopharyngeal muscles on the sectioned and intact sides were not significantly different. The mean thickness of the bilateral thyropharyngeal muscles showed a linear correlation to the pharyngeal area and pharyngeal transit duration.
UNASSIGNED: Data obtained in this study suggest that denervation of the Ph-X could influence the strength of pharyngeal contraction during pharyngeal swallowing in relation to thickness of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles, resulting in a decrease in bolus speed. This experimental model may provide essential information (1) for the development of treatments for pharyngeal dysphagia and (2) on the mechanisms related to the recovery process, reinnervation, and nerve regeneration following injury and swallowing impairment possibly caused by medullary stroke, neuromuscular disease, or surgical damage from head and neck cancer.