通常在根管治疗程序中使用小型不锈钢手动文件进行根管侦察和滑行道建立,由于其优越的灵活性和在狭窄空间导航的熟练程度。鉴于市场上品牌的多样性,它们的物理特征存在潜在的变异性,从而影响临床表现。因此,这项研究旨在对设计进行比较分析,冶金,和机械特性在七个不锈钢手档品牌跨越ISO尺寸06、08和10。该研究共包括来自七个不同品牌的315个新的25毫米长的不锈钢手动文件,其顶端尺寸分别为0.06、0.08和0.10。对所有仪器进行了细致的检查,以确定可能使它们不符合研究条件的任何结构变形。设计检查涉及从每组中随机选择仪器,在各种显微镜下检查,包括牙科手术显微镜,光学显微镜,和扫描电子显微镜。此外,每组两台仪器进行了能量色散X射线光谱分析,以记录元素组成。进行机械测试以评估仪器对横向变形(屈曲)的抵抗力及其显微硬度。使用非参数情绪中位数检验进行统计分析,预定的显著性水平为0.05。关于仪器设计,所有文件均显示有效刀片长度范围为16至17毫米。然而,观察到螺旋数量的变化,尖端设计,和尺寸,与其他仪器相比,APIK-File的尺寸为0.06和0.08。尽管元素组成统一,几何特征和力学性能差异明显。关于屈曲强度,APIK-File在所有测试的大小中都展示了卓越的性能,而DentsplyReadySteel,SybronEndo,和ManiK-Files显示较低的结果(p<0.05)。在显微硬度评估中,API和OroK-Files都显示了最低的结果,中位数为531HVN和532HVN,分别,而SybronEndoK-File表现出最高的显微硬度(657HVN)。尽管冶金成分相似,观察到的几何特征和机械性能的差异强调了制造过程对滑道不锈钢牙髓牙髓牙髓牙髓牙列特征的影响。这些差异可能最终影响其临床表现。
Small-sized stainless steel hand files are conventionally employed in root canal treatment procedures for canal scouting and for glide path establishment, owing to their superior flexibility and proficiency in navigating confined spaces. Given the diversity of brands available in the market, there exists potential variability in their physical characteristics, thereby influencing clinical performance. Consequently, this study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the design, metallurgy, and mechanical characteristics among seven stainless steel hand file brands across ISO sizes 06, 08, and 10. A total of 315 new 25 mm length stainless steel hand files with apical sizes of 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10 from seven distinct brands were included in the study. A meticulous inspection of all instruments was undertaken to identify any structural deformations that might render them ineligible for the study. The design inspection involved the random selection of instruments from each group, which were examined under various microscopes, including a dental operating microscope, optical microscope, and scanning electron microscope. Furthermore, two instruments from each group underwent energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis for elemental composition documentation. Mechanical tests were conducted to evaluate the instruments\' resistance to lateral deformation (buckling) and their microhardness. Statistical analysis was executed using the nonparametric Mood\'s median test, with a predetermined significance level of 0.05. Regarding the instruments design, all files exhibited an active blade length ranging from 16 to 17 mm. However, variations were observed in the number of spirals, tip designs, and sizes, with the API K-File notably larger in sizes 0.06 and 0.08 compared to the other instruments. Despite uniform elements composition, differences in geometric features and mechanical properties were evident. Concerning buckling strength, the API K-File demonstrated superior performance across all tested sizes, while the Dentsply ReadySteel, SybronEndo, and Mani K-Files exhibited lower results (p < 0.05). In microhardness assessments, both the API and Oro K-Files displayed the lowest outcomes, with medians of 531 HVN and 532 HVN, respectively, whereas the SybronEndo K-File exhibited the highest microhardness (657 HVN). Despite similar metallurgical composition, the observed distinctions in geometric features and mechanical properties underscore the impact of the manufacturing process on the characteristics of glide path stainless steel endodontic files. These disparities may ultimately influence their clinical performance.