铜绿假单胞菌是最通用的细菌之一,具有著名的致病性和广泛的耐药性。这种细菌的不同栖息地包括新鲜的,盐水和排水,土壤,潮湿的表面,水龙头,淋浴喷头,管道,医疗植入物,线虫,昆虫,植物,动物,鸟类和人类。铜绿假单胞菌产生的毒力因子包括绿脓苷,鼠李糖脂,铁载体,裂解酶,毒素和多糖。所有这些有毒元素加上内在的,适应性和获得性抗生素抗性促进不同宿主的持续定植和致死性感染。迄今为止,由于医院获得性铜绿假单胞菌引发的慢性继发感染,肺部疾病的治疗仍然很复杂。相反,这种细菌可以通过抑制植物病原体和昆虫来改善植物生长。值得注意的是,铜绿假单胞菌是极少数能够跨王国传播和感染的细菌之一。将铜绿假单胞菌菌株从植物材料转移到医院病房,动物对人类,和人类对他们的宠物发生相对频繁。最近,我们已经确定植物相关铜绿假单胞菌菌株在病理上可能与临床分离株相似。在这次审查中,我们强调了促进铜绿假单胞菌在不同生物王国中占主导地位的基因组和代谢因素,以及这种细菌在植物和人类健康中的不同作用。
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most versatile bacteria with renowned pathogenicity and extensive drug resistance. The diverse habitats of this bacterium include fresh, saline and drainage waters, soil, moist surfaces, taps, showerheads, pipelines, medical implants, nematodes, insects, plants, animals, birds and humans. The arsenal of virulence factors produced by P. aeruginosa includes pyocyanin, rhamnolipids, siderophores, lytic enzymes, toxins and polysaccharides. All these virulent elements coupled with intrinsic, adaptive and acquired antibiotic resistance facilitate persistent colonization and lethal infections in different hosts. To date, treating pulmonary diseases remains complicated due to the chronic secondary infections triggered by hospital-acquired P. aeruginosa. On the contrary, this bacterium can improve plant growth by suppressing phytopathogens and insects. Notably, P. aeruginosa is one of the very few bacteria capable of trans-kingdom transmission and infection. Transfer of P. aeruginosa strains from plant materials to hospital wards, animals to humans, and humans to their pets occurs relatively often. Recently, we have identified that plant-associated P. aeruginosa strains could be pathologically similar to clinical isolates. In this review, we have highlighted the genomic and metabolic factors that facilitate the dominance of P. aeruginosa across different biological kingdoms and the varying roles of this bacterium in plant and human health.