目的:表征鸡沙门氏菌(SG)和鸡伤寒(SP)的86个基因组的整体基因组特征,是引起家禽全身感染的重要病原体。
结果:所有基因组都包含外排泵编码基因mdsA和金耐受性基因golS和golT。氨基糖苷(aac(6')-Ib,aadA5,aph(6)-Id,aph(3\'\')-Ib,蚂蚁(2\'\')-Ia),β-内酰胺(blaTEM-1,blaTEM-135),外排泵(mdsB),磷霉素(fosA3),磺酰胺(sul1,sul2),四环素(tet(A)),甲氧苄啶(dfrA17),耐酸(asr)和消毒剂(qacEdelta1)基因,gyra,gyrB和parC喹诺酮耐药点突变,汞耐受基因(mer)的频率不同。此外,310个毒力基因,致病性岛(包括SPI-1、2、3、4、5、6、9、10、12、13、14),质粒(IncFII(S),ColpVC,IncX1,IncN,检测到IncX2,IncC)和prophages(Fels-2,ST104,500465-1,pro483,Gifsy-2,103203_sal5,Fels-1,RE-2010,vB_SenS-Ent2,L-413C)。MLST显示了biovar特异性序列类型,和核心基因组MLST显示特定国家和全球相关的集群。
结论:SG和SP全球菌株携带许多毒力因子和重要的抗菌药物耐药基因。不同的质粒和原种表明了遗传变异性。MLST和cgMLST区分了生物变量,并显示了局部或全球发生的概况。
OBJECTIVE: Characterize global genomic features of 86 genomes of Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) and Pullorum (SP), which are important pathogens causing systemic infections in poultry.
RESULTS: All genomes harbored efflux pump encoding gene mdsA and gold tolerance genes golS and golT. Aminoglycoside (aac(6\')-Ib, aadA5, aph(6)-Id, aph(3\'\')-Ib, ant(2\'\')-Ia), beta-lactam (blaTEM-1, blaTEM-135), efflux pump (mdsB), fosfomycin (fosA3), sulfonamide (sul1, sul2), tetracycline [tet(A)], trimethoprim (dfrA17), acid (asr), and disinfectant (qacEdelta1) resistance genes, gyrA, gyrB, and parC quinolone resistance point mutations, and mercury tolerance genes (mer) were found in different frequencies. Additionally, 310 virulence genes, pathogenicity islands (including SPI-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13, and 14), plasmids [IncFII(S), ColpVC, IncX1, IncN, IncX2, and IncC], and prophages (Fels-2, ST104, 500465-1, pro483, Gifsy-2, 103 203_sal5, Fels-1, RE-2010, vB_SenS-Ent2, and L-413C) were detected. MLST showed biovar-specific sequence types, and core genome MLST showed country-specific and global-related clusters.
CONCLUSIONS: SG and SP global strains carry many virulence factors and important antimicrobial resistance genes. The diverse plasmids and prophages suggest genetic variability. MLST and cgMLST differentiated biovars and showed profiles occurring locally or worldwide.