自闭症谱系障碍是一种复杂的神经发育状况,具有多种遗传和大脑参与。尽管磁共振成像取得了进步,自闭症谱系障碍的诊断和了解其神经遗传因素仍然具有挑战性。我们提出了一种双分支图神经网络,可以有效地从双峰中提取和融合特征,达到73.9%的诊断准确率。为了解释自闭症谱系障碍与健康对照的区别机制,我们建立了脑成像标志物的扰动模型,并使用偏最小二乘回归和富集进行神经转录组联合分析,以鉴定潜在的遗传标志物.扰动模型识别与额叶结构磁共振成像相关的脑成像标记,temporal,顶叶,和枕叶,虽然功能性磁共振成像标记主要位于额叶,temporal,枕叶,还有小脑.神经转录组联合分析突出了与生物过程相关的基因,比如“突触”,\"\"行为,自闭症谱系障碍大脑发育中的“化学突触传递的调节”。不同的磁共振成像模式为自闭症谱系障碍的诊断提供了补充信息。我们的双分支图神经网络具有很高的准确性,可以识别异常的大脑区域,并且神经转录组学分析揭示了重要的遗传生物标志物。总的来说,我们的研究提出了一种有效的方法来协助自闭症谱系障碍的诊断和识别遗传生物标志物,显示出增强这种情况的诊断和治疗的潜力。
Autism spectrum disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with diverse genetic and brain involvement. Despite magnetic resonance imaging advances, autism spectrum disorder diagnosis and understanding its neurogenetic factors remain challenging. We propose a dual-branch graph neural network that effectively extracts and fuses features from bimodalities, achieving 73.9% diagnostic accuracy. To explain the mechanism distinguishing autism spectrum disorder from healthy controls, we establish a perturbation model for brain imaging markers and perform a neuro-transcriptomic joint analysis using partial least squares regression and enrichment to identify potential genetic biomarkers. The perturbation model identifies brain imaging markers related to structural magnetic resonance imaging in the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes, while functional magnetic resonance imaging markers primarily reside in the frontal, temporal, occipital lobes, and cerebellum. The neuro-transcriptomic joint analysis highlights genes associated with biological processes, such as \"presynapse,\" \"behavior,\" and \"modulation of chemical synaptic transmission\" in autism spectrum disorder\'s brain development. Different magnetic resonance imaging modalities offer complementary information for autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. Our dual-branch graph neural network achieves high accuracy and identifies abnormal brain regions and the neuro-transcriptomic analysis uncovers important genetic biomarkers. Overall, our study presents an effective approach for assisting in autism spectrum disorder diagnosis and identifying genetic biomarkers, showing potential for enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.