高性能马胃部疾病的患病率,尤其是胃溃疡,范围从50%到90%。这些病理状况对运动表现和健康有负面影响。这项研究旨在评估24h期间胃pH值的变化,并比较接受全身吸入麻醉和背卧的马在不同时间点的胃泌素浓度。使用了22只混种母马,体重为400±50kg,年龄为8±2岁。其中,八人禁食8小时,并在背侧卧位接受90分钟的全身吸入麻醉。在麻醉前(T0)收集胃液样本,然后在麻醉期间间隔15分钟(T15-T90)。麻醉恢复后(45±1分钟),每小时收集样品24小时(T1至T24)用于胃液pH测量。在此期间,母马可以免费使用百慕大草干草和水,并两次喂食商业浓缩物(T4和T16)。在第二组(对照组)中,对四只未麻醉的母马进行禁食8小时,然后进行鼻胃插管。然后在T0、T15、T30、T45、T60、T75和T90收集胃液样品。在此期间,马雷斯没有得到食物或水。45分钟后,马雷斯可以免费使用百慕大草干草和水,每小时收集胃液样品,持续4小时(T1至T4)。在第三组中,包括十个非禁食者,非麻醉母马可自由接触百慕大草干草和水,在摄入浓缩液(T0)后30分钟收集胃液样品。在麻醉母马中,在麻醉前测量血胃泌素水平(8小时禁食;基线),在麻醉恢复期间,麻醉手术后4个月,早餐后90分钟。在全身麻醉期间,胃液pH的平均值保持酸性。平均pH值在生理范围内(4.52±1.69),时间点之间没有显着差异(T15-T90;p>0.05)。麻醉恢复后,在整个24小时的评估期间,平均胃pH值增加并保持在碱性范围内。在T0(4.88±2.38)之间观察到显着差异,T5(7.08±0.89),T8(7.43±0.22),T9(7.28±0.36),T11(7.26±0.71),T13(6.74±0.90),和T17(6.94±1.04)(p<0.05)。各组平均胃液pH值范围为弱酸性至中性或弱碱性,无论食物和水的摄入量如何(即,在禁食中,非禁食,和美联储各州)。对照组中测量的平均胃pH值与麻醉后24小时期间或非禁食组测量的值没有差异。与基线相比,麻醉后期间胃泌素浓度显着增加(分别为20.15±7.65pg/mL和15.15±3.82pg/mL;p<0.05)。全身吸入麻醉和背卧不影响胃液pH,保持酸性并在生理范围内。麻醉恢复后,在禁食和进食状态下,胃液的pH值呈弱碱性。血清胃泌素水平在背侧卧位时响应于全身吸入麻醉而升高,并且不受禁食的影响。接受全身麻醉和背部卧位的马不需要预防性药理措施。
The prevalence of gastric disorders in high-performance horses, especially gastric ulceration, ranges from 50 to 90%. These pathological conditions have negative impacts on athletic performance and health. This study was designed to evaluate changes in gastric pH during a 24 h period and to compare
gastrin concentrations at different time points in horses undergoing general inhalation anesthesia and dorsal recumbency. Twenty-two mixed-breed mares weighing 400 ± 50 kg and aged 8 ± 2 years were used. Of these, eight were fasted for 8 h and submitted to 90 min of general inhalation anesthesia in dorsal recumbency. Gastric juice samples were collected prior to anesthesia (T0), and then at 15 min intervals during anesthesia (T15-T90). After recovery from anesthesia (45 ± 1 min), samples were collected every hour for 24 h (T1 to T24) for gastric juice pH measurement. During this period, mares had free access to Bermuda grass hay and water and were fed a commercial concentrate twice (T4 and T16). In a second group (control), four non-anesthetized mares were submitted to 8 h of fasting followed by nasogastric intubation. Gastric juice samples were then collected at T0, T15, T30, T45, T60, T75, and T90. During this period, mares did not receive food or water. After 45 min, mares had free access to Bermuda grass hay and water, and gastric juice samples were collected every hour for four hours (T1 to T4). In a third group comprising ten non-fasted, non-anesthetized mares with free access to Bermuda grass hay and water, gastric juice samples were collected 30 min after concentrate intake (T0). In anesthetized mares, blood
gastrin levels were measured prior to anesthesia (8 h fasting; baseline), during recovery from anesthesia, and 4 months after the anesthetic procedure, 90 min after the morning meal. Mean values of gastric juice pH remained acidic during general anesthesia. Mean pH values were within the physiological range (4.52 ± 1.69) and did not differ significantly between time points (T15-T90; p > 0.05). After recovery from anesthesia, mean gastric pH values increased and remained in the alkaline range throughout the 24 h period of evaluation. Significant differences were observed between T0 (4.88 ± 2.38), T5 (7.08 ± 0.89), T8 (7.43 ± 0.22), T9 (7.28 ± 0.36), T11 (7.26 ± 0.71), T13 (6.74 ± 0.90), and T17 (6.94 ± 1.04) (p < 0.05). The mean gastric juice pH ranged from weakly acidic to neutral or weakly alkaline in all groups, regardless of food and water intake (i.e., in the fasted, non-fasted, and fed states). Mean gastric pH measured in the control group did not differ from values measured during the 24 h post-anesthesia period or in the non-fasted group.
Gastrin concentrations increased significantly during the post-anesthetic period compared to baseline (20.15 ± 7.65 pg/mL and 15.15 ± 3.82 pg/mL respectively; p < 0.05). General inhalation anesthesia and dorsal recumbency did not affect gastric juice pH, which remained acidic and within the physiological range. Gastric juice pH was weakly alkaline after recovery from anesthesia and in the fasted and fed states. Serum
gastrin levels increased in response to general inhalation anesthesia in dorsal recumbency and were not influenced by fasting. Preventive pharmacological measures are not required in horses submitted to general anesthesia and dorsal recumbency.