背景:皮肤病和精神疾病之间的关系是双向的,表现为因果关系。精神疾病,如压力,焦虑,一方面,抑郁症被认为是皮肤病的发展和进展的工具,而另一方面,皮肤病引起的美容毁容是患者心理困扰的原因。进行本研究是为了调查精神病患者的皮肤病谱,为他们提供整体治疗并为他们提供更好的生活质量。
方法:这个横截面,观察性研究是在三级医疗中心进行的.该研究共招募了170名因不同皮肤病学表现而转诊到皮肤科的精神病患者。做了病人的人口统计资料,并做了皮肤病和精神疾病之间的关联。
结果:在170名研究参与者中,88(51.8%)为女性,其余(82,48.2%)为男性。总共记录了13种主要的皮肤病;其中,真菌感染(43,25.3%)是最常见的,其次是湿疹(18%,10.6%),寄生虫感染(17,10.0%),色素性障碍(13,7.6%),痤疮(11,6.5%),细菌感染(11,6.5%),瘙痒性疾病(11,6.5%),毛发紊乱(9,5.3%),药物反应(9,5.3%),丘疹鳞状疾病(7,4.1%),和病毒感染(6,3.5%)。在15名(8.8%)患者中存在上述以外的皮肤状况。本研究中最常见的精神疾病是重度抑郁症(41,24.1%),其次是广泛性焦虑症(38,22.4%)和精神病没有其他说明(34,20.0%)。研究中包括的其他精神疾病是双相情感障碍(22,12.9%),精神分裂症(18,10.6%),强迫症(12,7.1%),和混合焦虑抑郁障碍(5,2.9%)。
结论:本研究的发现表明,具有皮肤病学表现的精神病患者表现出一系列皮肤病。主要是传染性(真菌,寄生,或病毒)性质。这可能与精神病患者的卫生状况相对较差有关,因此他们对这些疾病的易感性增加。大多数时候,对这些皮肤状况的易感性似乎是机会性的,不受类型的影响,持续时间,和精神疾病的控制水平。
BACKGROUND: The relationship between skin diseases and psychiatric illnesses is bi-directional and is manifested as cause and effect. Psychiatric disorders such as stress, anxiety, and depression are seen to be instrumental in the development and progression of dermatological diseases on one hand, while on the other hand, cosmetic disfigurement caused by dermatological diseases is responsible for psychological distress in patients. The present study was conducted to investigate the spectrum of dermatological disorders in psychiatric patients to offer them holistic treatment and provide them with a better quality of life.
METHODS: This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at a tertiary medical care center. A total of 170 psychiatric patients referred to the dermatology department for different dermatological manifestations were enrolled in the study. A demographic profile of the patients was done, and an association between dermatological diseases and psychiatric illnesses was done.
RESULTS: Out of 170 study participants, 88 (51.8%) were females, and the rest (82, 48.2%) were males. A total of 13 major types of dermatological conditions were noted; among them, fungal infection (43, 25.3%) was the most common, followed by eczema (18, 10.6%), parasitic infestation (17, 10.0%), pigmentary disorder (13, 7.6%), acne (11, 6.5%), bacterial infection (11, 6.5%), pruritic disorder (11, 6.5%), hair disorder (9, 5.3%), drug reaction (9, 5.3%), papulosquamous disorder (7, 4.1%), and viral infection (6, 3.5%). Skin conditions other than the above-mentioned were present in 15 (8.8%) patients. The most common psychiatric illness in the present study was major depressive disorder (41, 24.1%), followed by generalized anxiety disorder (38, 22.4%) and psychosis not otherwise specified (34, 20.0%). Other psychiatric illnesses included in the study were bipolar affective disorder (22, 12.9%), schizophrenia (18, 10.6%), obsessive-compulsive disorder (12, 7.1%), and mixed anxiety depressive disorder (5, 2.9%).
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study depict that psychiatric patients with dermatological manifestations show a spectrum of dermatological conditions, primarily of infectious (fungal, parasitic, or viral) nature. This might be associated with a relatively poor hygienic status of psychiatric patients and thus their increased susceptibility to these disorders. Most of the time, the susceptibility to these skin conditions seemed to be opportunistic and unaffected by the type, duration, and level of control of psychiatric illness.