■柑橘生产是贝宁国民经济的一项重要活动,也是农民的收入来源。然而,真菌疾病是生产集约化的主要制约因素。这项研究的目的是评估贝宁生产地区农民对柑橘真菌疾病的看法。
■在2021年7月至12月之间,在四个主要的柑橘生产农业生态区(V区,VI,VII和VIII)收集他们的看法,柑橘真菌病的知识和管理实践。
■农民报告说,真菌疾病是柑橘生产的主要制约因素之一,包括黑点,炭疽病,棕色腐烂,煤烟发霉和水果腐烂。其中,黑斑病是最严重的,对生产造成损害。据农民说,水果坐果后出现症状,具有非常显着的存在和成熟时的高发病率。尽管农民大多数时候都意识到真菌疾病对他们的收入造成的损害,他们对管理这些疾病的适当植物检疫产品知之甚少。的确,大多数农民(>60%)使用化学杀虫剂,据报道对柑橘真菌疾病无效。虽然化学杀虫剂是他们唯一的手段,几乎40%的人不使用任何东西来控制这些疾病。农民表示,气候的多变性是促进疾病发展的一个因素,导致产量减少。
■在几种柑橘真菌病害中,黑点被认为是最具破坏性的,在有利条件下造成更大的产量损失,再加上几乎完全没有适当的控制方法。这项研究有助于柑橘产业的重组和农民在果园害虫保护方面的能力建设决策,为了保证更好地生产适销对路、可出口的水果。
UNASSIGNED: Citrus production represents an important activity for the national economy and a source of income for farmers in Benin. However, fungal diseases are a major constraint to production intensification. The aim of this study is to assess farmers\' perceptions on citrus fungal diseases in production areas in Benin.
UNASSIGNED: A survey was conducted among 417 farmers between July and December 2021 in four major citrus-producing agro-ecological zones (zones V, VI, VII and VIII) to collect their perceptions, knowledge and management practices of citrus fungal diseases.
UNASSIGNED: Farmers reported that fungal diseases are one of the main constraints to citrus production, including black spot, anthracnose, brown rot, sooty mold and fruit rot. Among them, black spot disease is the most severe, causing damage to production. According to farmers, symptoms appear on fruit after fruit set, with a very remarkable presence and high incidence at maturity. Although farmers are most of times aware of the damage caused by fungal diseases with adverse consequences on their income, they have a poor knowledge of appropriate phytosanitary products to manage these diseases. Indeed, the majority of farmers (>60 %) use chemical insecticides, which they reported to be ineffective against citrus fungal diseases. Although chemical insecticides are their only recourse, almost 40 % use nothing to control these diseases. Farmers stated that climatic variability is a factor favoring the development of diseases, leading to reduced production.
UNASSIGNED: Among the several citrus fungal diseases, black spot is perceived as the most damaging, causing greater yield losses under favorable conditions, coupled with an almost total absence of appropriate control methods. This study contributes to the reorganization of the citrus industry and to decision-making on capacity building for farmers in terms of orchard pest protection, in order to guarantee better production of marketable and exportable fruit.