背景:童婚是由性别不平等和对女孩的歧视所支撑的全球危机。一个小小的证据基础表明,粮食不安全危机既可能是童婚的驱动因素,也可能是童婚的后果。然而,这些联系仍然模棱两可。本文旨在了解粮食不安全如何影响Chiredzi的童婚习俗,津巴布韦。
方法:混合方法,包括通过SenseMaker®进行的参与者主导的讲故事和关键线人访谈,在更广泛的性别和社会经济不平等背景下,研究粮食不安全与童婚之间的关系。我们探讨了粮食不安全在多大程度上提高少女童婚风险;以及粮食不安全如何影响照顾者和青少年的童婚决策。SenseMaker参与者对自己故事的解释产生的关键模式在元数据中被直观地识别,然后进一步分析。半结构化指南用于促进关键线人访谈。采访是录音的,转录并翻译成英语,然后导入到NVivo中进行编码和主题分析。
结果:共有1,668名社区成员参与了SenseMaker数据收集,22名工作人员参加了面试。总的来说,我们发现,粮食不安全是社区成员的主要关切。人们发现,粮食不安全是影响父母和少女围绕童婚决策的剥夺的背景因素之一。父母经常强迫女儿结婚以减轻家庭经济负担。同时,由于替代生存机会有限,在粮食不安全的限制下,青少年开始了自己的婚姻,贫穷,在家里虐待,和父母移民。COVID-19和气候危害加剧了粮食不安全和童婚,而教育可能会成为降低女孩结婚风险的改良剂。
结论:我们对粮食不安全与童婚之间关联的探索表明,人道主义环境中的童婚规划应以社区为主导,并进行性别变革,以解决支撑童婚的性别不平等问题,并解决青春期女孩的需求和优先事项。Further,方案编制必须应对青少年面临的各种风险和现实,以解决相互交叉的贫困程度,并提高少女的能力,他们的家人,和社区在粮食不安全的环境中防止童婚。
Child marriage is a global crisis underpinned by gender inequality and discrimination against girls. A small evidence base suggests that food insecurity crises can be both a driver and a consequence of child marriage. However, these linkages are still ambiguous. This paper aims to understand how food insecurity influences child marriage practices in Chiredzi, Zimbabwe.
Mixed methods, including participant-led storytelling via SenseMaker® and key informant interviews, were employed to examine the relationship between food insecurity and child marriage within a broader context of gender and socio-economic inequality. We explored the extent to which food insecurity elevates adolescent girls\' risk of child marriage; and how food insecurity influences child marriage decision-making among caregivers and adolescents. Key patterns that were generated by SenseMaker participants\' interpretations of their own stories were visually identified in the meta-data, and then further analyzed. Semi-structured guides were used to facilitate key informant interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, and transcribed and translated to English, then imported into NVivo for coding and thematic analysis.
A total of 1,668 community members participated in SenseMaker data collection, while 22 staff participated in interviews. Overall, we found that food insecurity was a primary concern among community members. Food insecurity was found to be among the contextual factors of deprivation that influenced parents\' and adolescent girls\' decision making around child marriage. Parents often forced their daughters into marriage to relieve the household economic burden. At the same time, adolescents are initiating their own marriages due to limited alternative survival opportunities and within the restraints imposed by food insecurity, poverty, abuse in the home, and parental migration. COVID-19 and climate hazards exacerbated food insecurity and child marriage, while education may act as a modifier that reduces girls\' risk of marriage.
Our exploration of the associations between food insecurity and child marriage suggest that child marriage programming in humanitarian settings should be community-led and gender transformative to address the gender inequality that underpins child marriage and address the needs and priorities of adolescent girls. Further, programming must be responsive to the diverse risks and realities that adolescents face to address the intersecting levels of deprivation and elevate the capacities of adolescent girls, their families, and communities to prevent child marriage in food insecure settings.