抗菌肽(AMPs)是各种生物体先天免疫系统的组成部分。它们可以通过破坏微生物膜或不影响膜稳定性而起作用。对这些小肽的兴趣源于对抗生素的恐惧和对抗生素具有抗性的微生物的出现。通过膜或代谢破坏,它们保护生物体免受细菌入侵,病毒,原生动物,和真菌。高疗效和特异性,低药物相互作用和毒性,热稳定性,在水中的溶解度,生物多样性表明它们在食品中的应用,医学,农业,畜牧业,和水产养殖。纳米载体可以用来保护,交付,并提高其生物利用度的有效性。高生产成本可能会限制其使用。这篇综述总结了自然来源,结构,行动模式,以及微生物肽在食品和制药工业中的应用。还考虑了对AMP大规模生产的任何限制。
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are constituents of the innate immune system in every kind of living organism. They can act by disrupting the microbial membrane or without affecting membrane stability. Interest in these small peptides stems from the fear of antibiotics and the emergence of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics. Through membrane or metabolic disruption, they defend an organism against invading bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi. High efficacy and specificity, low drug interaction and toxicity, thermostability, solubility in water, and biological diversity suggest their applications in food, medicine, agriculture, animal husbandry, and aquaculture. Nanocarriers can be used to protect, deliver, and improve their bioavailability effectiveness. High cost of production could limit their use. This review summarizes the natural sources, structures, modes of action, and applications of microbial peptides in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Any restrictions on AMPs\' large-scale production are also taken into consideration.