目的:亚麻籽(Linumusitatissimum)补充剂在各种临床试验中显示出有望作为抗肥胖剂,尽管结果不一致。为了更准确地评估补充亚麻籽对人体测量指数的影响,我们进行了系统评价和荟萃分析.
方法:直到2023年8月,我们搜索了几个国际数据库,包括Scopus,PubMed,WebofScience,Embase,科克伦图书馆使用随机效应模型分析加权平均差异(WMD)。
结果:纳入64项包含72个治疗组的试验。所有研究都报告了干预类型(Lignans,整个亚麻籽,和亚麻籽油)和剂量。然而,三项研究确实测试了纯度,40项研究报告了效力。此外,研究中未提及重金属污染的风险.另一个限制是研究中缺乏盲目评估。根据系统评价中包含的三项试验,亚麻籽不影响人体测量指标。我们的荟萃分析显示体重显着降低(WMD=-0.63kg;95%CI:-1.00,-0.27,P<0.001;I2=76.7%,P<0.001),体重指数(BMI)(WMD:-0.24kg/m2,95%CI:-0.36,-0.11,P<0.001;I2=78.5%,P<0.001)和腰围(WC)(WMD:-1.43cm,95%CI:-2.06,-0.80,P<0.001;I2=81.1%,补充亚麻籽后P<0.001)。亚组分析表明,干预持续10-20周,并且涉及具有较高BMI(>30kg/m2)的受试者的研究显示出更显著的抗肥胖作用。根据等级评估,体重,BMI,WC结果被认为是中等确定性证据。
结论:我们的系统评价和荟萃分析表明,补充亚麻籽(Linumusitatissimum)导致体重有意义的改善,BMI,WC。因此,亚麻籽可以被认为是改善肥胖的辅助治疗方法。
OBJECTIVE: Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) supplementation has shown promise as an anti-obesity agent in various clinical trials, although results have been inconsistent. To provide a more accurate assessment of the impact of
flaxseed supplementation on anthropometric indices, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed.
METHODS: We searched several international databases until August 2023, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) were analyzed using a random-effects model.
RESULTS: Sixty-four trials comprising 72 treatment arms were included. All studies reported the intervention types (Lignans, Whole
flaxseed, and
Flaxseed oil) and dosage. However, three studies did testing for purity, and 40 studies reported potency. Also, the risk of contamination with heavy metals was not mentioned in studies. Another limitation was the lack of blind evaluation in the studies. According to three trials included in the systematic review,
flaxseed did not affect anthropometric indices. Our meta-analysis revealed significant reductions in body weight (WMD = -0.63 kg; 95 % CI: -1.00, -0.27, P < 0.001; I2 = 76.7 %, P < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (WMD: -0.24 kg/m2, 95 % CI: -0.36, -0.11, P < 0.001; I2 = 78.5 %, P < 0.001) and waist circumference (WC) (WMD: -1.43 cm, 95 % CI: -2.06, -0.80, P < 0.001; I2 = 81.1 %, P < 0.001) following flaxseed supplementation. Subgroup analyses indicated that interventions lasting 10-20 weeks, and studies involving subjects with higher BMI (>30 kg/m2) showed more significant anti-obesity effects. Based on the GRADE evaluation, body weight, BMI, and WC results were considered as moderate-certainty evidence.
CONCLUSIONS: Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that supplementation with flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) leads to meaningful improvements in body weight, BMI, and WC. Therefore,
flaxseed can be considered as an adjunctive therapeutic approach in improving obesity.