猫繁殖对于研究和商业猫繁殖操作很重要,以及对野猫种群的控制。这篇综述描述了研究实验室猫的繁殖性能的研究,私人饲养的猫,和野猫,包括性成熟,发情周期(时机,行为,和荷尔蒙变化),季节性影响,妊娠长度,分娩(产仔数,垫料重量,和奇偶校验效应),死亡率,和死产。由于本综述中强调的研究在进行的地点和该地区的管理实践方面有所不同,在解释这些数据时,应根据读者的目标考虑这些因素。此外,在一些早期的猫繁殖研究中缺乏标准的做法,因此,它们应该只考虑历史背景,并且由于畜牧业实践和营养的进步,可能无法反映新研究中描述的猫的实际生殖潜力。
目的:本手稿的目的是回顾研究实验室猫的生殖性能的科学研究,私人饲养的猫,和野猫。
方法:本手稿的数据来源包括原始研究出版物和来自兽医文献的科学评论。所有在实验室中增强家猫繁殖知识的评论或研究,Catters,包括野生殖民地。
结果:大多数对实验室猫的研究都是在受控光照周期的条件下进行的,温度,和饮食。环境对生殖行为的影响比野猫研究中的影响更微妙,但是效果仍然可以区分。猫育种研究的重点是遗传效应,并在很大程度上依赖于猫饲养者的调查或问卷。然而,这些数据的可靠性可以是可变的,部分原因是通常不报告记录保存方法和其他协议。此外,实验动物管理标准,无特定病原体的猫菌落,直到20世纪70年代,猫的营养需求才完全确立。
结论:早期研究的生殖结果可能不是现代猫的真实代表,因为更先进,受监管的畜牧业做法,包括改善营养,导致饮食配方,以满足每个生命阶段的猫科动物的要求。
Cat reproduction is important for research and commercial cat breeding operations, as well as the control of
feral cat populations. This review describes studies examining reproductive performance in laboratory cats, privately-owned breeding cats, and
feral cats, including sexual maturity, the estrous cycle (timing, behavior, and hormonal changes), seasonal effects, gestation length, parturition (litter size, litter weight, and parity effects), mortality, and stillbirth. Because the studies highlighted in this review vary in the location where they were conducted and the region\'s management practices, these factors should be considered depending on the goal of the reader when interpreting these data. Furthermore, standard practices were lacking in some earlier studies of cat reproduction, so they should be considered for historical context only and may not reflect the actual reproductive potential of cats as described in the new studies due to advancements in husbandry practices and nutrition. The objective of this manuscript is to review scientific studies examining reproductive performance in laboratory cats, privately-owned breeding cats, and
feral cats. The data sources for this manuscript included original research publications and scientific reviews from the veterinary literature. All reviews or studies that augmented the knowledge of the reproduction of domestic cats in laboratories, catteries, and
feral colonies were included. Most studies on laboratory cats have been conducted under the conditions of controlled light cycles, temperature, and diet. The environmental effects on reproductive behavior are subtler than those in
feral cat studies, but the effects are still distinguishable. Cat breeding studies focus on genetic effects and rely heavily on surveys or questionnaires from cat breeders. However, the reliability of these data can be variable, in part because the methodology of record-keeping and other protocols are generally not reported. In addition, laboratory animal management standards, specific pathogen-free cat colonies, and nutritional requirements for cats were not fully established until the 1970s. Reproductive outcomes of earlier studies may not be a true representation of the modern cat due to more advanced, regulated husbandry practices, including improvements in nutrition, resulting in diets formulated to meet feline requirements for every life stage.